ffpython: ffpython is a c++ lib,which is to simplify embedding python and extend python. For example, call python function, register c++ function to python, register c++ class to python, on one implement c++ header file.

# ffpython

ffpython is a c++ lib,which is to simplify task that embed python and extend python. 
For example, call python function, register c++ function to python, register c++ class to python. 
Only one implement c++ header file.

## Project Goals
 * easier to embed python script
 * easier to call python function
 * easier to set or get var in python script
 * easier to extend python with c++ static function
 * easier to extend python with c++ class. C++ class Once registed, python can use it like builtin type.
 * when python exception throw, ffpython will wrap it as a std exception which includes python traceback info.

## Supported Python versions
 * python2.5 python2.6 python2.7, win / linux
 * python3.x is being developed, but unfortunately， python3.x api is so different to python2.x, even diffent between python3.2
	and python3.3, Headache!!

## Embed Python script in C++
### Get / Set varialbe in  python script/module
``` c++
	printf("sys.version=%s\n", ffpython.get_global_var<string>("sys", "version").c_str());
    ffpython.set_global_var("fftest", "global_var", "OhNice");
    printf("fftest.global_var=%s\n", ffpython.get_global_var<string>("fftest", "global_var").c_str());
```
### call python function, Support all base type as arg or return value. Nine args can be supported.
``` c++
	int a1 = 100; float a2 = 3.14f; string a3 = "OhWell";
    ffpython.call<void>("fftest", "test_base", a1, a2, a3);
```
### call python function, Support all STL type as arg or return value. Nine args can be supported. Vector and List for tuple and list in python,map for dict in python.
``` c++
	vector<int> a1;a1.push_back(100);a1.push_back(200);
    list<string> a2; a2.push_back("Oh");a2.push_back("Nice");
    vector<list<string> > a3;a3.push_back(a2);
    
    ffpython.call<bool>("fftest", "test_stl", a1, a2, a3);
	typedef map<string, list<vector<int> > > ret_t;
    ret_t val = ffpython.call<ret_t>("fftest", "test_return_stl");
```
## Extend Python
### register c++ static function, all base type supported. Arg num can be nine.
``` c++
static int print_val(int a1, float a2, const string& a3, const vector<double>& a4)
{
    printf("%s[%d,%f,%s,%d]\n", __FUNCTION__, a1, a2, a3.c_str(), a4.size());
    return 0;
}
struct ops_t
{
    static list<int> return_stl()
    {
        list<int> ret;ret.push_back(1024);
        printf("%s\n", __FUNCTION__);
        return ret;
    }
};

void test_reg_function()
{
    ffpython_t ffpython;//("ext1");
    ffpython.reg(&print_val, "print_val")
            .reg(&ops_t::return_stl, "return_stl");
    ffpython.init("ext1");
    ffpython.call<void>("fftest", "test_reg_function");
}
```
### register c++ class, python can use it just like builtin types.
``` c++

class foo_t
{
public:
	foo_t(int v_):m_value(v_)
	{
		printf("%s\n", __FUNCTION__);
	}
    virtual ~foo_t()
    {
        printf("%s\n", __FUNCTION__);
    }
	int get_value() const { return m_value; }
	void set_value(int v_) { m_value = v_; }
	void test_stl(map<string, list<int> >& v_) 
	{
		printf("%s\n", __FUNCTION__);
	}
	int m_value;
};

class dumy_t: public foo_t
{
public:
    dumy_t(int v_):foo_t(v_)
    {
        printf("%s\n", __FUNCTION__);
    }
    ~dumy_t()
    {
        printf("%s\n", __FUNCTION__);
    }
    void dump() 
    {
        printf("%s\n", __FUNCTION__);
    }
};

static foo_t* obj_test(dumy_t* p)
{
    printf("%s\n", __FUNCTION__);
    return p;
}

void test_register_base_class(ffpython_t& ffpython)
{
	ffpython.reg_class<foo_t, PYCTOR(int)>("foo_t")
			.reg(&foo_t::get_value, "get_value")
			.reg(&foo_t::set_value, "set_value")
			.reg(&foo_t::test_stl, "test_stl")
            .reg_property(&foo_t::m_value, "m_value");

ffpython.reg_class<dumy_t, PYCTOR(int)>("dumy_t", "dumy_t class inherit foo_t ctor <int>", "foo_t")
        .reg(&dumy_t::dump, "dump");

ffpython.reg(obj_test, "obj_test");

ffpython.init("ext2");
    ffpython.call<void>("fftest", "test_register_base_class");
};
```
### Register c++ class which inherit a class having been registered.
``` c++	
ffpython.call<void>("fftest", "test_register_inherit_class");
```
### C++ object pointer can be as a arg to python, and object can be access as a instance of builtin type in python.
``` c++	
void test_cpp_obj_to_py(ffpython_t& ffpython)
{
    foo_t tmp_foo(2013);
    ffpython.call<void>("fftest", "test_cpp_obj_to_py", &tmp_foo);
}
void test_cpp_obj_py_obj(ffpython_t& ffpython)
{
    dumy_t tmp_foo(2013);
    
    foo_t* p = ffpython.call<foo_t*>("fftest", "test_cpp_obj_py_obj", &tmp_foo);
}
```
## Python test script
``` python
def test_base(a1, a2, a3):
	print('test_base', a1, a2, a3)
	return 0

def test_stl(a1, a2, a3):
	print('test_stl', a1, a2, a3)
	return True

def test_return_stl():
	print('test_return_stl')
	#map<string, list<vector<int> > >
	ret = {'Oh':[[111,222], [333, 444] ] }
	return ret

def test_reg_function():
	import ext1
	ext1.print_val(123, 45.6 , "----789---", [3.14])
	ret = ext1.return_stl()
	print('test_reg_function', ret)

def test_register_base_class():
	import ext2
	foo = ext2.foo_t(20130426)
	print("test_register_base_class get_val:", foo.get_value())
	foo.set_value(778899)
	print("test_register_base_class get_val:", foo.get_value(), foo.m_value)
	foo.test_stl({"key": [11,22,33] })
	print('test_register_base_class test_register_base_class', foo)

def test_register_inherit_class():
	import ext2
	dumy = ext2.dumy_t(20130426)
	print("test_register_inherit_class get_val:", dumy.get_value())
	dumy.set_value(778899)
	print("test_register_inherit_class get_val:", dumy.get_value(), dumy.m_value)
	dumy.test_stl({"key": [11,22,33] })
	dumy.dump()
	print('test_register_inherit_class', dumy)

def test_cpp_obj_to_py(foo):
	import ext2
	print("test_cpp_obj_to_py get_val:", foo.get_value())
	foo.set_value(778899)
	print("test_cpp_obj_to_py get_val:", foo.get_value(), foo.m_value)
	foo.test_stl({"key": [11,22,33] })
	print('test_cpp_obj_to_py test_register_base_class', foo)

def test_cpp_obj_py_obj(dumy):
	import ext2
	print("test_cpp_obj_py_obj get_val:", dumy.get_value())
	dumy.set_value(778899)
	print("test_cpp_obj_py_obj get_val:", dumy.get_value(), dumy.m_value)
	dumy.test_stl({"key": [11,22,33] })
	dumy.dump()
	ext2.obj_test(dumy)
	print('test_cpp_obj_py_obj', dumy)
	
	return dumy

```

## Summary
* ffpython Only One implement head file, it is easy to itegrate to project.
* ffpython is simplely wrap for python api, so it is efficient.

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