代码拉取完成，页面将自动刷新
#!/bin/bash
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
set -eE
confhome=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/main
this_script=$(realpath "$0")
trap 'trap_err $LINENO $?' ERR
trap_err() {
line_no=$1
ret_no=$2
error "Line $line_no return $ret_no"
sed -n "$line_no"p "$this_script"
}
usage_and_exit() {
cat <<EOF
Usage: reinstall.sh centos 7|8|9
alma 8|9
rocky 8|9
fedora 37|38
debian 10|11|12
ubuntu 20.04|22.04
alpine 3.16|3.17|3.18
opensuse 15.4|15.5|tumbleweed
arch
gentoo
dd --img=xxx
windows --iso=xxx --image-name=xxx
EOF
exit 1
}
info() {
upper=$(to_upper <<<"$@")
echo_color_text '\e[32m' "***** $upper *****"
}
warn() {
echo_color_text '\e[33m' "Warn: $*"
}
error() {
echo_color_text '\e[31m' "Error: $*"
}
echo_color_text() {
color="$1"
shift
plain="\e[0m"
echo -e "$color$*$plain"
}
error_and_exit() {
error "$@"
exit 1
}
curl() {
# 添加 -f, --fail，不然 404 退出码也为0
# 32位 cygwin 已停止更新，证书可能有问题，先添加 --insecure
command curl --insecure --connect-timeout 5 --retry 2 --retry-delay 1 -f "$@"
}
is_in_china() {
if [ -z $_is_in_china ]; then
# https://geoip.fedoraproject.org/city # 不支持 ipv6
# https://geoip.ubuntu.com/lookup # 不支持 ipv6
curl -L http://www.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/trace |
grep -qx 'loc=CN' && _is_in_china=true ||
_is_in_china=false
fi
$_is_in_china
}
is_in_windows() {
[ "$(uname -o)" = Cygwin ] || [ "$(uname -o)" = Msys ]
}
is_in_alpine() {
[ -f /etc/alpine-release ]
}
is_use_cloud_image() {
[ -n "$cloud_image" ] && [ "$cloud_image" = 1 ]
}
is_use_dd() {
[ "$distro" = dd ]
}
is_os_in_btrfs() {
mount | grep -w 'on / type btrfs'
}
is_os_in_subvol() {
subvol=$(awk '($2=="/") { print $i }' /proc/mounts | grep -o 'subvol=[^ ]*' | cut -d= -f2)
[ "$subvol" != / ]
}
get_os_part() {
awk '($2=="/") { print $1 }' /proc/mounts
}
cp_to_btrfs_root() {
mount_dir=/tmp/reinstall-btrfs-root
if ! grep -q $mount_dir /proc/mounts; then
mkdir -p $mount_dir
mount "$(get_os_part)" $mount_dir -t btrfs -o subvol=/
fi
cp -rf "$@" /tmp/reinstall-btrfs-root
}
is_host_has_ipv4_and_ipv6() {
host=$1
install_pkg dig
# dig会显示cname结果，cname结果以.结尾，grep -v '\.$' 用于去除 cname 结果
res=$(dig +short $host A $host AAAA | grep -v '\.$')
# 有.表示有ipv4地址，有:表示有ipv6地址
grep -q \. <<<$res && grep -q : <<<$res
}
get_host_by_url() {
cut -d/ -f3 <<<$1
}
get_function_content() {
declare -f "$1" | sed '1d;2d;$d'
}
insert_into_file() {
file=$1
location=$2
regex_to_find=$3
line_num=$(grep -E -n "$regex_to_find" "$file" | cut -d: -f1)
found_count=$(echo "$line_num" | wc -l)
if [ ! "$found_count" -eq 1 ]; then
return 1
fi
case "$location" in
before) line_num=$((line_num - 1)) ;;
after) ;;
*) return 1 ;;
esac
sed -i "${line_num}r /dev/stdin" "$file"
}
test_url() {
test_url_real false "$@"
}
test_url_grace() {
test_url_real true "$@"
}
test_url_real() {
grace=$1
url=$2
expect_type=$3
var_to_eval=$4
info test url
echo $url
failed() {
$grace && return 1
error_and_exit "$@"
}
tmp_file=/tmp/reinstall-img-test
# 有的服务器不支持 range，curl会下载整个文件
# 用 dd 限制下载 1M
# 并过滤 curl 23 错误（dd限制了空间）
# 也可用 ulimit -f 但好像 cygwin 不支持
curl -Lr 0-1048575 "$url" \
1> >(dd bs=1M count=1 of=$tmp_file iflag=fullblock 2>/dev/null) \
2> >(grep -v 'curl: (23)' >&2) ||
if [ ! $? -eq 23 ]; then
failed "$url not accessible"
fi
if [ -n "$expect_type" ]; then
# gzip的mime有很多种写法
# centos7中显示为 x-gzip，在其他系统中显示为 gzip，可能还有其他
# 所以不用mime判断
# https://www.digipres.org/formats/sources/tika/formats/#application/gzip
# 有些 file 版本输出的是 # ISO 9660 CD-ROM filesystem data ，要去掉开头的井号
install_pkg file
real_type=$(file -b $tmp_file | sed 's/^# //' | cut -d' ' -f1 | to_lower)
[ -n "$var_to_eval" ] && eval $var_to_eval=$real_type
if ! grep -wo "$real_type" <<<"$expect_type"; then
failed "$url expected: $expect_type. actual: $real_type."
fi
fi
}
add_community_repo_for_alpine() {
# 先检查原来的repo是不是egde
if grep -q '^http.*/edge/main$' /etc/apk/repositories; then
alpine_ver=edge
else
alpine_ver=v$(cut -d. -f1,2 </etc/alpine-release)
fi
if ! grep -q "^http.*/$alpine_ver/community$" /etc/apk/repositories; then
mirror=$(grep '^http.*/main$' /etc/apk/repositories | sed 's,/[^/]*/main$,,' | head -1)
echo $mirror/$alpine_ver/community >>/etc/apk/repositories
fi
}
assert_not_in_container() {
_error_and_exit() {
error_and_exit "Not Supported OS in Container.\nPlease use https://github.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation"
}
is_in_windows && return
if is_have_cmd systemd-detect-virt; then
if systemd-detect-virt -c >/dev/null; then
_error_and_exit
fi
else
if [ -d /proc/vz ] || grep container=lxc /proc/1/environ; then
_error_and_exit
fi
fi
}
is_virt() {
if is_in_windows; then
# https://github.com/systemd/systemd/blob/main/src/basic/virt.c
# https://sources.debian.org/src/hw-detect/1.159/hw-detect.finish-install.d/08hw-detect/
vmstr='VMware|Virtual|Virtualization|VirtualBox|VMW|Hyper-V|Bochs|QEMU|KVM|OpenStack|KubeVirt|innotek|Xen|Parallels|BHYVE'
for name in ComputerSystem BIOS BaseBoard; do
wmic $name | grep -Eiw $vmstr && return 0
done
wmic /namespace:'\\root\cimv2' PATH Win32_Fan 2>/dev/null | head -1 | grep -q -v Name
else
# aws t4g debian 11
# systemd-detect-virt: 为 none，即使装了dmidecode
# virt-what: 未装 deidecode时结果为空，装了deidecode后结果为aws
# 所以综合两个命令的结果来判断
if is_have_cmd systemd-detect-virt && systemd-detect-virt -v; then
return 0
fi
# debian 安装 virt-what 不会自动安装 dmidecode，因此结果有误
install_pkg dmidecode virt-what
# virt-what 返回值始终是0，所以用是否有输出作为判断
[ -n "$(virt-what)" ]
fi
}
setos() {
local step=$1
local distro=$2
local releasever=$3
info set $step $distro $releasever
setos_alpine() {
flavour=lts
if is_virt; then
# alpine aarch64 3.18 才有 virt 直连链接
if [ "$basearch" == aarch64 ]; then
install_pkg bc
(($(echo "$releasever >= 3.18" | bc))) && flavour=virt
else
flavour=virt
fi
fi
# 不要用https 因为甲骨文云arm initramfs阶段不会从硬件同步时钟，导致访问https出错
if is_in_china; then
mirror=http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/alpine/v$releasever
else
mirror=http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v$releasever
fi
eval ${step}_vmlinuz=$mirror/releases/$basearch/netboot/vmlinuz-$flavour
eval ${step}_initrd=$mirror/releases/$basearch/netboot/initramfs-$flavour
eval ${step}_repo=$mirror/main
eval ${step}_modloop=$mirror/releases/$basearch/netboot/modloop-$flavour
}
setos_debian() {
case "$releasever" in
10) codename=buster ;;
11) codename=bullseye ;;
12) codename=bookworm ;;
esac
if is_use_cloud_image; then
# cloud image
if is_in_china; then
ci_mirror=https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/debian-cdimage
else
ci_mirror=https://cdimage.debian.org/images
fi
is_virt && ci_type=genericcloud || ci_type=generic
# 甲骨文 debian 10 amd64 genericcloud vnc 没有显示
[ "$releasever" -eq 10 ] && [ "$basearch_alt" = amd64 ] && ci_type=generic
eval ${step}_img=$ci_mirror/cloud/$codename/latest/debian-$releasever-$ci_type-$basearch_alt.qcow2
else
# 传统安装
if is_in_china; then
# 部分国内机无法访问 ftp.cn.debian.org
deb_hostname=mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
else
deb_hostname=deb.debian.org
fi
mirror=http://$deb_hostname/debian/dists/$codename/main/installer-$basearch_alt/current/images/netboot/debian-installer/$basearch_alt
eval ${step}_vmlinuz=$mirror/linux
eval ${step}_initrd=$mirror/initrd.gz
eval ${step}_ks=$confhome/debian.cfg
is_virt && flavour=-cloud || flavour=
# 甲骨文 debian 10 amd64 cloud 内核 vnc 没有显示
[ "$releasever" -eq 10 ] && [ "$basearch_alt" = amd64 ] && flavour=
# shellcheck disable=SC2034
kernel=linux-image$flavour-$basearch_alt
fi
}
setos_ubuntu() {
if is_use_cloud_image; then
# cloud image
# TODO: Minimal 镜像
if is_in_china; then
ci_mirror=https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu-cloud-images
else
ci_mirror=https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com
fi
eval ${step}_img=$ci_mirror/releases/$releasever/release/ubuntu-$releasever-server-cloudimg-$basearch_alt.img
else
# 传统安装
if is_in_china; then
case "$basearch" in
"x86_64") mirror=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-releases/$releasever ;;
"aarch64") mirror=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-cdimage/releases/$releasever/release ;;
esac
else
case "$basearch" in
"x86_64") mirror=https://releases.ubuntu.com/$releasever ;;
"aarch64") mirror=https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/$releasever/release ;;
esac
fi
# iso
filename=$(curl -L $mirror | grep -oP "ubuntu-$releasever.*?-live-server-$basearch_alt.iso" | head -1)
iso=$mirror/$filename
eval ${step}_iso=$iso
# ks
eval ${step}_ks=$confhome/ubuntu.yaml
fi
}
setos_arch() {
cloud_image=1
# cloud image
if is_in_china; then
ci_mirror=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/archlinux
else
ci_mirror=https://geo.mirror.pkgbuild.com
fi
# eval ${step}_img=$ci_mirror/images/latest/Arch-Linux-x86_64-basic.qcow2
eval ${step}_img=$ci_mirror/images/latest/Arch-Linux-x86_64-cloudimg.qcow2
}
setos_gentoo() {
cloud_image=1
if is_in_china; then
ci_mirror=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gentoo
else
ci_mirror=https://distfiles.gentoo.org
fi
if [ "$basearch_alt" = arm64 ]; then
error_and_exit 'Not support arm64 for gentoo cloud image.'
fi
# openrc 镜像没有附带兼容 cloud-init 的网络管理器
eval ${step}_img=$ci_mirror/experimental/$basearch_alt/openstack/gentoo-openstack-$basearch_alt-systemd-latest.qcow2
}
setos_opensuse() {
cloud_image=1
# aria2 有 mata4 问题
# https://download.opensuse.org/
# 清华源缺少 aarch64 tumbleweed appliances
# https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/ports/aarch64/tumbleweed/appliances/
# https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/opensuse/ports/aarch64/tumbleweed/appliances/
if is_in_china; then
mirror=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/opensuse
else
mirror=https://mirror.fcix.net/opensuse
fi
if grep -iq Tumbleweed <<<"$releasever"; then
# Tumbleweed
releasever=Tumbleweed
if [ "$basearch" = aarch64 ]; then
dir=ports/aarch64/tumbleweed/appliances
else
dir=tumbleweed/appliances
fi
else
# 常规版本
# 如果用户输入的版本号是 15，需要查询小版本号
if ! grep -q '\.' <<<"$releasever"; then
releasever=$(curl -L https://download.opensuse.org/download/distribution/openSUSE-stable/appliances/boxes/?json |
grep -oP "(?<=\"name\":\"Leap-)$releasever\.[0-9]*" | head -1)
fi
if [ "$releasever" = 15.4 ]; then
openstack=-OpenStack
fi
dir=distribution/leap/$releasever/appliances
releasever=Leap-$releasever
fi
# 有专门的kvm镜像，openSUSE-Leap-15.5-Minimal-VM.x86_64-kvm-and-xen.qcow2，但里面没有cloud-init
eval ${step}_img=$mirror/$dir/openSUSE-$releasever-Minimal-VM.$basearch$openstack-Cloud.qcow2
}
setos_windows() {
eval "${step}_iso='$iso'"
eval "${step}_image_name='$image_name'"
}
# shellcheck disable=SC2154
setos_dd() {
eval "${step}_img='$img'"
eval "${step}_img_type='$img_type'"
}
setos_redhat() {
if is_use_cloud_image; then
# ci
if is_in_china; then
case $distro in
"centos") ci_mirror="https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/centos-cloud/centos" ;;
"alma") ci_mirror="https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/almalinux/$releasever/cloud/$basearch/images" ;;
"rocky") ci_mirror="https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/rocky/$releasever/images/$basearch" ;;
"fedora") ci_mirror="https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/fedora/releases/$releasever/Cloud/$basearch/images" ;;
esac
else
case $distro in
"centos") ci_mirror="https://cloud.centos.org/centos" ;;
"alma") ci_mirror="https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/$releasever/cloud/$basearch/images" ;;
"rocky") ci_mirror="https://download.rockylinux.org/pub/rocky/$releasever/images/$basearch" ;;
"fedora") ci_mirror="https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/$releasever/Cloud/$basearch/images" ;;
esac
fi
case $distro in
"centos")
case $releasever in
"7") ci_image=$ci_mirror/$releasever/images/CentOS-7-$basearch-GenericCloud.qcow2 ;;
"8" | "9") ci_image=$ci_mirror/$releasever-stream/$basearch/images/CentOS-Stream-GenericCloud-$releasever-latest.$basearch.qcow2 ;;
esac
;;
"alma")
# alma8 x86_64 有独立的uefi镜像
if [ "$releasever" = 8 ] && is_efi && [ "$basearch" = x86_64 ]; then
alma_efi=-UEFI
fi
ci_image=$ci_mirror/AlmaLinux-$releasever-GenericCloud$alma_efi-latest.$basearch.qcow2
;;
"rocky") ci_image=$ci_mirror/Rocky-$releasever-GenericCloud-Base.latest.$basearch.qcow2 ;;
"fedora")
filename=$(curl -L $ci_mirror | grep -oP "Fedora-Cloud-Base-$releasever.*?$basearch" | head -1)
# ci_image=$ci_mirror/$filename.raw.xz
ci_image=$ci_mirror/$filename.qcow2
;;
esac
eval ${step}_img=${ci_image}
else
# 传统安装
case $distro in
"centos")
case $releasever in
"7") mirrorlist="http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=os" ;;
"8") mirrorlist="http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=8-stream&arch=$basearch&repo=BaseOS" ;;
"9") mirrorlist="https://mirrors.centos.org/mirrorlist?repo=centos-baseos-9-stream&arch=$basearch" ;;
esac
;;
"alma") mirrorlist="https://mirrors.almalinux.org/mirrorlist/$releasever/baseos" ;;
"rocky") mirrorlist="https://mirrors.rockylinux.org/mirrorlist?arch=$basearch&repo=BaseOS-$releasever" ;;
"fedora") mirrorlist="https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?arch=$basearch&repo=fedora-$releasever" ;;
esac
# rocky/centos9 需要删除第一行注释， alma 需要替换$basearch
for cur_mirror in $(curl -L $mirrorlist | sed "/^#/d" | sed "s,\$basearch,$basearch,"); do
host=$(get_host_by_url $cur_mirror)
if is_host_has_ipv4_and_ipv6 $host &&
test_url_grace ${cur_mirror}images/pxeboot/vmlinuz; then
mirror=$cur_mirror
break
fi
done
if [ -z "$mirror" ]; then
error_and_exit "All mirror failed."
fi
eval "${step}_mirrorlist='${mirrorlist}'"
eval ${step}_ks=$confhome/redhat.cfg
eval ${step}_vmlinuz=${mirror}images/pxeboot/vmlinuz
eval ${step}_initrd=${mirror}images/pxeboot/initrd.img
eval ${step}_squashfs=${mirror}images/install.img
if [ "$releasever" = 7 ]; then
eval ${step}_squashfs=${mirror}LiveOS/squashfs.img
fi
fi
}
eval ${step}_distro=$distro
if is_distro_like_redhat $distro; then
setos_redhat
else
setos_$distro
fi
}
is_distro_like_redhat() {
[ "$1" = centos ] || [ "$1" = alma ] || [ "$1" = rocky ] || [ "$1" = fedora ]
}
# 检查是否为正确的系统名
verify_os_name() {
if [ -z "$*" ]; then
usage_and_exit
fi
for os in \
'centos 7|8|9' \
'alma 8|9' \
'rocky 8|9' \
'fedora 37|38' \
'debian 10|11|12' \
'ubuntu 20.04|22.04' \
'alpine 3.16|3.17|3.18' \
'opensuse 15|15.4|15.5|tumbleweed' \
'arch' \
'gentoo' \
'windows' \
'dd'; do
ds=$(awk '{print $1}' <<<"$os")
vers=$(awk '{print $2}' <<<"$os" | sed 's \. \\\. g')
finalos=$(echo "$@" | to_lower | sed -n -E "s,^($ds)[ :-]?(|$vers)$,\1:\2,p")
if [ -n "$finalos" ]; then
distro=$(echo $finalos | cut -d: -f1)
releasever=$(echo $finalos | cut -d: -f2)
# 默认版本号
if [ -z "$releasever" ] && grep -q '|' <<<$os; then
releasever=$(awk '{print $2}' <<<$os | awk -F'|' '{print $NF}')
fi
return
fi
done
error "Please specify a proper os"
usage_and_exit
}
verify_os_args() {
case "$distro" in
dd) [ -n "$img" ] || error_and_exit "dd need --img" ;;
windows)
if [ -z "$iso" ] || [ -z "$image_name" ]; then
error_and_exit "Install Windows need --iso and --image-name"
fi
# 防止常见错误
# --image-name 肯定大于等于3个单词
if [ "$(echo "$image_name" | wc -w)" -lt 3 ] ||
[[ "$(to_lower <<<"$image_name")" != windows* ]]; then
error_and_exit "--image-name wrong."
fi
;;
esac
}
get_cmd_path() {
# arch 云镜像不带 which
# command -v 包括脚本里面的方法
# ash 无效
type -f -p $1
}
is_have_cmd() {
get_cmd_path $1 >/dev/null 2>&1
}
install_pkg() {
is_in_windows && return
find_pkg_mgr() {
if [ -z "$pkg_mgr" ]; then
for c in dnf yum apt pacman zypper emerge apk; do
is_have_cmd $c && pkg_mgr=$c && return
done
return 1
fi
}
cmd_to_pkg() {
unset USE
case $cmd in
lsmem | lsblk) pkg="util-linux" ;;
unsquashfs)
case "$pkg_mgr" in
zypper) pkg="squashfs" ;;
emerge) pkg="squashfs-tools" && export USE="lzma" ;;
*) pkg="squashfs-tools" ;;
esac
;;
nslookup | dig)
case "$pkg_mgr" in
apt) pkg="dnsutils" ;;
pacman) pkg="bind" ;;
apk | emerge) pkg="bind-tools" ;;
yum | dnf | zypper) pkg="bind-utils" ;;
esac
;;
*) pkg=$cmd ;;
esac
}
install_pkg_real() {
case $pkg_mgr in
dnf) dnf install -y --setopt=install_weak_deps=False $pkg ;;
yum) yum install -y $pkg ;;
emerge) emerge --oneshot $pkg ;;
pacman) pacman -Syu --noconfirm --needed $pkg ;;
zypper) zypper install -y $pkg ;;
apk)
add_community_repo_for_alpine
apk add $pkg
;;
apt)
[ -z "$apk_updated" ] && apt update && apk_updated=1
DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y $pkg
;;
esac
}
for cmd in "$@"; do
if ! is_have_cmd $cmd ||
{
# gentoo 默认编译的 unsquashfs 不支持 xz
[ "$cmd" = unsquashfs ] &&
is_have_cmd emerge &&
! unsquashfs |& grep -w xz &&
echo "unsquashfs not supported xz. need rebuild."
}; then
if ! find_pkg_mgr; then
error_and_exit "Can't find compatible package manager. Please manually install $cmd."
fi
cmd_to_pkg
install_pkg_real
fi
done
}
check_ram() {
if is_in_windows; then
ram_size=$(wmic memorychip get capacity | tail +2 | awk '{sum+=$1} END {print sum/1024/1024}')
else
# lsmem最准确但centos7 arm 和alpine不能用
# arm 24g dmidecode 显示少了128m
# arm 24g lshw 显示23BiB
# ec2 t4g arm alpine 用 lsmem 和 dmidecode 都无效，要用 lshw，但结果和free -m一致，其他平台则没问题
install_pkg lsmem
ram_size=$(lsmem -b 2>/dev/null | grep 'Total online memory:' | awk '{ print $NF/1024/1024 }')
if [ -z $ram_size ]; then
install_pkg dmidecode
ram_size=$(dmidecode -t 17 | grep "Size.*[GM]B" | awk '{if ($3=="GB") s+=$2*1024; else s+=$2} END {print s}')
fi
if [ -z $ram_size ]; then
install_pkg lshw
# 不能忽略 -i，alpine 显示的是 System memory
ram_str=$(lshw -c memory -short | grep -i 'System Memory' | awk '{print $3}')
ram_size=$(grep <<<$ram_str -o '[0-9]*')
grep <<<$ram_str GiB && ram_size=$((ram_size * 1024))
fi
fi
if [ -z $ram_size ] || [ $ram_size -le 0 ]; then
error_and_exit "Could not detect RAM size."
fi
case "$distro" in
alpine) ram_installer=256 ;; # 192 无法启动 netboot
debian) ram_installer=384 ;;
*) ram_installer=1024 ;;
esac
ram_cloud_image=512
case "$distro" in
opensuse | arch | gentoo) cloud_image=1 ;;
esac
# ram 足够就用普通方法安装，否则如果内存大于512就用 cloud image
# TODO: 测试 256 384 内存
if [ ! "$cloud_image" = 1 ] && [ $ram_size -lt $ram_installer ]; then
if [ $ram_size -ge $ram_cloud_image ]; then
info "RAM < $ram_installer MB. Switch to cloud image mode"
cloud_image=1
else
error_and_exit "Could not install $distro: RAM < $ram_cloud_image MB."
fi
fi
}
is_efi() {
if is_in_windows; then
bcdedit | grep -q '^path.*\.efi'
else
[ -d /sys/firmware/efi ]
fi
}
to_upper() {
tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]'
}
to_lower() {
tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]'
}
del_cr() {
sed 's/\r//g'
}
# TODO: 多网卡 单网卡多IP
collect_netconf() {
if is_in_windows; then
convert_net_str_to_array() {
config=$1
key=$2
var=$3
IFS=',' read -r -a "${var?}" <<<"$(grep "$key=" <<<"$config" | cut -d= -f2 | sed 's/[{}"]//g')"
}
# 部分机器精简了 powershell
# 所以不要用 powershell 获取网络信息
ids=$(wmic nic where "PhysicalAdapter=true and MACAddress is not null and PNPDeviceID like '%VEN_%&DEV_%'" get InterfaceIndex | del_cr | sed '1d')
for id in $ids; do
config=$(wmic nicconfig where "InterfaceIndex='$id'" get MACAddress,IPAddress,IPSubnet,DefaultIPGateway /format:list | del_cr)
# 排除 IP/子网/网关为空的
if grep -q '=$' <<<"$config"; then
continue
fi
mac_addr=$(grep "MACAddress=" <<<"$config" | cut -d= -f2 | to_lower)
convert_net_str_to_array "$config" IPAddress ips
convert_net_str_to_array "$config" IPSubnet subnets
convert_net_str_to_array "$config" DefaultIPGateway gateways
# IPv4
# shellcheck disable=SC2154
for ((i = 0; i < ${#ips[@]}; i++)); do
ip=${ips[i]}
subnet=${subnets[i]}
if [[ "$ip" = *.* ]]; then
cidr=$(ipcalc -b "$ip/$subnet" | grep Netmask: | awk '{print $NF}')
ipv4_addr="$ip/$cidr"
break
fi
done
# IPv6
ipv6_type_list=$(cmd /c "chcp 437 & netsh interface ipv6 show address $id normal")
for ((i = 0; i < ${#ips[@]}; i++)); do
ip=${ips[i]}
cidr=${subnets[i]}
if [[ "$ip" = *:* ]]; then
ipv6_type=$(grep "$ip" <<<"$ipv6_type_list" | awk '{print $1}')
# Public 是 slaac
# 还有类型 Temporary，不过有 Temporary 肯定还有 Public，因此不用
if [ "$ipv6_type" = Public ] ||
[ "$ipv6_type" = Dhcp ] ||
[ "$ipv6_type" = Manual ]; then
ipv6_addr="$ip/$cidr"
break
fi
fi
done
# 网关
# shellcheck disable=SC2154
for gateway in "${gateways[@]}"; do
if [ -n "$ipv4_addr" ] && [[ "$gateway" = *.* ]]; then
ipv4_gateway="$gateway"
elif [ -n "$ipv6_addr" ] && [[ "$gateway" = *:* ]]; then
ipv6_gateway="$gateway"
fi
done
break
done
else
# linux
# 通过默认网关得到默认网卡
for v in 4 6; do
if ethx=$(ip -$v route show default | head -1 | awk '{print $5}' | grep .); then
mac_addr=$(ip link show dev $ethx | grep link/ether | head -1 | awk '{print $2}')
break
fi
done
for v in 4 6; do
if ip -$v route show default dev $ethx | head -1 | grep -q .; then
eval ipv${v}_gateway="$(ip -$v route show default dev $ethx | head -1 | awk '{print $3}')"
eval ipv${v}_addr="$(ip -$v -o addr show scope global dev $ethx | head -1 | awk '{print $4}')"
fi
done
fi
info "Network Info"
echo "MAC Address: $mac_addr"
echo "IPv4 Address: $ipv4_addr"
echo "IPv4 Gateway: $ipv4_gateway"
echo "IPv6 Address: $ipv6_addr"
echo "IPv6 Gateway: $ipv6_gateway"
}
install_grub_win() {
grub_cfg=$1 # /cygdrive/$c/grub.cfg
# 下载 grub
info download grub
grub_ver=2.06
is_in_china && grub_url=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/grub/grub-$grub_ver-for-windows.zip ||
grub_url=https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/grub/grub-$grub_ver-for-windows.zip
echo $grub_url
curl -Lo /tmp/grub.zip $grub_url
# unzip -qo /tmp/grub.zip
7z x /tmp/grub.zip -o/tmp -r -y -xr!i386-efi -xr!locale -xr!themes -bso0
grub_exe_dir=$(readlink -f /tmp/grub-$grub_ver-for-windows)
# 设置 grub 内嵌的模块
grub_modules+=" normal minicmd ls echo test cat reboot halt linux chain search all_video configfile"
grub_modules+=" scsi part_msdos part_gpt fat ntfs ntfscomp ext2 lvm xfs lzopio xzio gzio zstd"
if ! is_efi; then
grub_modules+=" biosdisk"
fi
# 设置 grub prefix 为c盘根目录
# 运行 grub-probe 会改变cmd窗口字体
prefix=$($grub_exe_dir/grub-probe -t drive $c: | sed 's,.*PhysicalDrive,(hd,' | sed 's,\r,,')/
echo $prefix
# 安装 grub
if is_efi; then
# efi
info install grub for efi
# 挂载
if result=$(find /cygdrive/?/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi 2>/dev/null); then
# 已经挂载
x=$(echo $result | cut -d/ -f3)
else
# 找到空盘符并挂载
for x in {a..z}; do
[ ! -e /cygdrive/$x ] && break
done
mountvol $x: /s
fi
# 文件夹命名为reinstall而不是grub，因为可能机器已经安装了grub，bcdedit名字同理
grub_dir=$x:\\EFI\\reinstall
mkdir -p $grub_dir
# grub-mkimage 可设置prefix，也可嵌入配置文件（官方不建议嵌入menuentry条目）
# -c $grub_cfg_win
$grub_exe_dir/grub-mkimage -p $prefix -O x86_64-efi -o $grub_dir\\grubx64.efi $grub_modules
# 添加引导
# 脚本可能不是首次运行，所以先删除原来的
bcdedit /enum bootmgr | grep --text -B3 Reinstall | awk '{print $2}' | grep '{.*}' |
xargs -I {} cmd /c bcdedit /delete {}
id=$(bcdedit /copy '{bootmgr}' /d Reinstall | grep -o '{.*}')
bcdedit /set $id device partition=$x:
bcdedit /set $id path \\EFI\\reinstall\\grubx64.efi
bcdedit /set '{fwbootmgr}' bootsequence $id
else
# bios
info install grub for bios
# bootmgr 加载 g2ldr 有64k限制
# 解决方法1 g2ldr.mbr + g2ldr
# 解决方法2 生成少于64K的 g2ldr + 动态模块
# g2ldr.mbr
is_in_china && host=ftp.cn.debian.org || host=deb.debian.org
curl -LO http://$host/debian/tools/win32-loader/stable/win32-loader.exe
7z x win32-loader.exe 'g2ldr.mbr' -o/tmp/win32-loader -r -y -bso0
find /tmp/win32-loader -name 'g2ldr.mbr' -exec cp {} /cygdrive/$c/ \;
# g2ldr
$grub_exe_dir/grub-mkimage -p "$prefix" -O i386-pc -o core.img $grub_modules
cat $grub_exe_dir/i386-pc/lnxboot.img core.img >/cygdrive/$c/g2ldr
# 添加引导
# 脚本可能不是首次运行，所以先删除原来的
id='{1c41f649-1637-52f1-aea8-f96bfebeecc8}'
bcdedit /enum all | grep --text $id && bcdedit /delete $id
bcdedit /create $id /d Reinstall /application bootsector
bcdedit /set $id device partition=$c:
bcdedit /set $id path \\g2ldr.mbr
bcdedit /displayorder $id /addlast
bcdedit /bootsequence $id /addfirst
fi
}
# 脚本入口
# 检查 root
if ! is_in_windows; then
if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]; then
info "Please run as root."
exit 1
fi
fi
# 整理参数
if ! opts=$(getopt -n $0 -o "" --long debug,hold:,sleep:,iso:,image-name:,img:,ci,cloud-image -- "$@"); then
usage_and_exit
fi
eval set -- "$opts"
# shellcheck disable=SC2034
while true; do
case "$1" in
--debug)
set -x
shift
;;
--ci | --cloud-image)
cloud_image=1
shift
;;
--hold | --sleep)
hold=$2
shift 2
;;
--img)
img=$2
shift 2
;;
--iso)
iso=$2
shift 2
;;
--image-name)
image_name=$2
shift 2
;;
--)
shift
break
;;
*)
echo "Unexpected option: $1."
usage_and_exit
;;
esac
done
# 不支持容器虚拟化
assert_not_in_container
# 检查目标系统名
verify_os_name "$@"
# 检查必须的参数
verify_os_args
# win系统盘
if is_in_windows; then
c=$(echo $SYSTEMDRIVE | cut -c1)
fi
# 必备组件
install_pkg curl
# alpine 自带的 grep 是 busybox 里面的， 要下载完整版grep
if is_in_alpine; then
apk add grep
fi
# 检查内存
if ! { [ "$distro" = dd ] || [ "$distro" = windows ]; }; then
check_ram
fi
# alpine --ci 参数无效
if [ "$distro" = alpine ] && is_use_cloud_image; then
error_and_exit "can't install alpine with cloud image"
fi
# 检查硬件架构
# x86强制使用x64
basearch=$(uname -m)
[ $basearch = i686 ] && basearch=x86_64
case "$basearch" in
"x86_64") basearch_alt=amd64 ;;
"aarch64") basearch_alt=arm64 ;;
esac
# 设置国内代理
# gitee 不支持ipv6
# jsdelivr 有12小时缓存
# https://github.com/XIU2/UserScript/blob/master/GithubEnhanced-High-Speed-Download.user.js#L31
if [[ "$confhome" == http*://raw.githubusercontent.com/* ]] &&
is_in_china; then
confhome=https://ghps.cc/$confhome
fi
# 以下目标系统不需要进入alpine
# debian
# el7 x86_64 >=1g
# el7 aarch64 >=1.5g
# el8/9/fedora 任何架构 >=2g
if ! is_use_cloud_image &&
{ [ "$distro" = "debian" ] ||
{ is_distro_like_redhat "$distro" && [ $releasever -eq 7 ] && [ $ram_size -ge 1024 ] && [ $basearch = "x86_64" ]; } ||
{ is_distro_like_redhat "$distro" && [ $releasever -eq 7 ] && [ $ram_size -ge 1536 ] && [ $basearch = "aarch64" ]; } ||
{ is_distro_like_redhat "$distro" && [ $releasever -ge 8 ] && [ $ram_size -ge 2048 ]; }; }; then
setos nextos $distro $releasever
else
# 安装alpine时，使用指定的版本。 alpine作为中间系统时，使用 3.18
[ "$distro" = "alpine" ] && alpine_releasever=$releasever || alpine_releasever=3.18
setos finalos $distro $releasever
setos nextos alpine $alpine_releasever
fi
# 测试链接
# 在 ubuntu 20.04 上，file 命令检测 ubuntu 22.04 iso 结果不正确，所以去掉 iso 检测
if is_use_cloud_image; then
test_url $finalos_img 'xz|gzip|qemu' finalos_img_type
elif is_use_dd; then
test_url $finalos_img 'xz|gzip' finalos_img_type
elif [ -n "$finalos_img" ]; then
test_url $finalos_img
elif [ -n "$finalos_iso" ]; then
test_url $finalos_iso
fi
# shellcheck disable=SC2154
{
# 下载 nextos 内核
info download vmlnuz and initrd
echo $nextos_vmlinuz
curl -Lo /reinstall-vmlinuz $nextos_vmlinuz
echo $nextos_initrd
curl -Lo /reinstall-initrd $nextos_initrd
}
# 转换 finalos_a=1 为 finalos.a=1 ，排除 finalos_mirrorlist
build_finalos_cmdline() {
if vars=$(compgen -v finalos_); then
for key in $vars; do
value=${!key}
key=${key#finalos_}
if [ -n "$value" ] && [ $key != "mirrorlist" ]; then
finalos_cmdline+=" finalos.$key='$value'"
fi
done
fi
}
build_extra_cmdline() {
for key in confhome hold cloud_image kernel deb_hostname; do
value=${!key}
if [ -n "$value" ]; then
extra_cmdline+=" extra.$key='$value'"
fi
done
# 指定最终安装系统的 mirrorlist，链接有&，在grub中是特殊字符，所以要加引号
if [ -n "$finalos_mirrorlist" ]; then
extra_cmdline+=" extra.mirrorlist='$finalos_mirrorlist'"
elif [ -n "$nextos_mirrorlist" ]; then
extra_cmdline+=" extra.mirrorlist='$nextos_mirrorlist'"
fi
}
echo_tmp_ttys() {
curl -L $confhome/ttys.sh | sh -s "console="
}
# shellcheck disable=SC2154
build_cmdline() {
if [ -n "$finalos_cmdline" ]; then
# 有 finalos_cmdline 表示需要两步安装
# 两步安装需要修改 alpine initrd
mod_alpine_initrd
# 可添加 pkgs=xxx,yyy 启动时自动安装
# apkovl=http://xxx.com/apkovl.tar.gz 可用，arm https未测但应该不行
# apkovl=sda2:ext4:/apkovl.tar.gz 官方有写但不生效
cmdline="alpine_repo=$nextos_repo modloop=$nextos_modloop $extra_cmdline $finalos_cmdline"
else
if [ $distro = debian ]; then
cmdline="lowmem=+1 lowmem/low=1 auto=true priority=critical url=$nextos_ks $extra_cmdline"
else
# redhat
cmdline="root=live:$nextos_squashfs inst.ks=$nextos_ks $extra_cmdline"
fi
fi
}
# 脚本可能多次运行，先清理之前的残留
mkdir_clear() {
dir=$1
if [ -z "$dir" ] || [ "$dir" = / ]; then
return
fi
# alpine 没有 -R
# { umount $dir || umount -R $dir || true; } 2>/dev/null
rm -rf $dir
mkdir -p $dir
}
mod_alpine_initrd() {
# 修改 alpine 启动时运行我们的脚本
info mod alpine initrd
install_pkg gzip cpio
# 解压
# 先删除临时文件，避免之前运行中断有残留文件
tmp_dir=/tmp/reinstall
mkdir_clear $tmp_dir
cd $tmp_dir
zcat /reinstall-initrd | cpio -idm
# 预先下载脚本
curl -Lo $tmp_dir/trans.start $confhome/trans.sh
curl -Lo $tmp_dir/alpine-network.sh $confhome/alpine-network.sh
# virt 内核添加 ipv6 模块
if virt_dir=$(ls -d $tmp_dir/lib/modules/*-virt 2>/dev/null); then
ipv6_dir=$virt_dir/kernel/net/ipv6
mkdir -p $ipv6_dir
modloop_file=/tmp/modloop_file
modloop_dir=/tmp/modloop_dir
curl -Lo $modloop_file $nextos_modloop
if is_in_windows; then
# cygwin 没有 unsquashfs
7z e $modloop_file ipv6.ko -r -y -o$ipv6_dir
else
install_pkg unsquashfs
mkdir_clear $modloop_dir
unsquashfs -f -d $modloop_dir $modloop_file 'modules/*/kernel/net/ipv6/ipv6.ko'
find $modloop_dir -name ipv6.ko -exec cp {} $ipv6_dir/ \;
fi
fi
# hack 1 添加 ipv6 模块
insert_into_file init after 'configure_ip\(\)' <<EOF
depmod
modprobe ipv6
EOF
# hack 2
# udhcpc 添加 -n 参数，请求dhcp失败后退出
# 使用同样参数运行 udhcpc6
# TODO: digitalocean -i eth1?
# shellcheck disable=SC2016
orig_cmd="$(grep '$MOCK udhcpc' init)"
mod_cmd4="$orig_cmd -n || true"
mod_cmd6="${mod_cmd4//udhcpc/udhcpc6}"
sed -i "/\$MOCK udhcpc/c$mod_cmd4 \n $mod_cmd6" init
# hack 3 /usr/share/udhcpc/default.script
# 脚本被调用的顺序
# udhcpc: deconfig
# udhcpc: bound
# udhcpc6: deconfig
# udhcpc6: bound
# shellcheck disable=SC2154
udhcpc() {
if [ "$1" = deconfig ]; then
return
fi
if [ "$1" = bound ] && [ -n "$ipv6" ]; then
ip -6 addr add "$ipv6" dev "$interface"
ip link set dev "$interface" up
return
fi
}
get_function_content udhcpc |
insert_into_file usr/share/udhcpc/default.script after 'deconfig\|renew\|bound'
# 允许设置 ipv4 onlink 网关
sed -Ei 's,(0\.0\.0\.0\/0),"\1 onlink",' usr/share/udhcpc/default.script
# hack 4 网络配置
collect_netconf
is_in_china && is_in_china=true || is_in_china=false
insert_into_file init after 'MAC_ADDRESS=' <<EOF
source /alpine-network.sh \
"$mac_addr" "$ipv4_addr" "$ipv4_gateway" "$ipv6_addr" "$ipv6_gateway" "$is_in_china"
EOF
# hack 5 运行 trans.start
# exec /bin/busybox switch_root $switch_root_opts $sysroot $chart_init "$KOPT_init" $KOPT_init_args # 3.17
# exec switch_root $switch_root_opts $sysroot $chart_init "$KOPT_init" $KOPT_init_args # 3.18
# 1. alpine arm initramfs 时间问题 要添加 --no-check-certificate
# 2. aws t4g arm 如果没设置console=ttyx，在initramfs里面wget https会出现bad header错误，chroot后正常
# Connecting to raw.githubusercontent.com (185.199.108.133:443)
# 60C0BB2FFAFF0000:error:0A00009C:SSL routines:ssl3_get_record:http request:ssl/record/ssl3_record.c:345:
# ssl_client: SSL_connect
# wget: bad header line: �
insert_into_file init before '^exec (/bin/busybox )?switch_root' <<EOF
# echo "wget --no-check-certificate -O- $confhome/trans.sh | /bin/ash" >\$sysroot/etc/local.d/trans.start
# wget --no-check-certificate -O \$sysroot/etc/local.d/trans.start $confhome/trans.sh
cp /trans.start \$sysroot/etc/local.d/trans.start
chmod a+x \$sysroot/etc/local.d/trans.start
ln -s /etc/init.d/local \$sysroot/etc/runlevels/default/
EOF
# 重建
# 注意要用 cpio -H newc 不要用 cpio -c ，不同版本的 -c 作用不一样，很坑
# -c Use the old portable (ASCII) archive format
# -c Identical to "-H newc", use the new (SVR4)
# portable format.If you wish the old portable
# (ASCII) archive format, use "-H odc" instead.
find . | cpio -o -H newc | gzip -1 >/reinstall-initrd
cd -
}
build_finalos_cmdline
build_extra_cmdline
build_cmdline
info 'create grub config'
# linux grub
if ! is_in_windows; then
if is_have_cmd update-grub; then
grub_cfg=$(grep -o '[^ ]*grub.cfg' "$(get_cmd_path update-grub)")
else
# 找出主配置文件（含有menuentry|blscfg）
# 如果是efi，先搜索efi目录
# arch云镜像efi分区挂载在/efi
if is_efi; then
for dir in /boot/efi /efi; do
[ -d $dir ] && efi_dir+=" $dir"
done
fi
grub_cfg=$(
find $efi_dir /boot/grub* \
-type f -name grub.cfg \
-exec grep -E -l 'menuentry|blscfg' {} \;
)
if [ "$(wc -l <<<"$grub_cfg")" -gt 1 ]; then
error_and_exit 'find multi grub.cfg files.'
fi
fi
# 有些机子例如hython debian的grub.cfg少了40_custom 41_custom
# 所以先重新生成 grub.cfg
$(command -v grub-mkconfig grub2-mkconfig) -o $grub_cfg
# 在x86 efi机器上，不同版本的 grub 可能用 linux 或 linuxefi 加载内核
# 通过检测原有的条目有没有 linuxefi 字样就知道当前 grub 用哪一种
if [ -d /boot/loader/entries/ ]; then
entries="/boot/loader/entries/"
fi
if grep -q -r -E '^[[:blank:]]*linuxefi[[:blank:]]' $grub_cfg $entries; then
efi=efi
fi
fi
# 生成 custom.cfg (linux) 或者 grub.cfg (win)
is_in_windows && custom_cfg=/cygdrive/$c/grub.cfg || custom_cfg=$(dirname $grub_cfg)/custom.cfg
echo $custom_cfg
cat <<EOF | tee $custom_cfg
set timeout=5
menuentry "reinstall" {
load_video
insmod lvm
insmod xfs
search --no-floppy --file --set=root /reinstall-vmlinuz
linux$efi /reinstall-vmlinuz $(echo_tmp_ttys) $cmdline
initrd$efi /reinstall-initrd
}
EOF
if is_in_windows; then
mv /reinstall-vmlinuz /cygdrive/$c/
mv /reinstall-initrd /cygdrive/$c/
install_grub_win $custom_cfg
else
if is_os_in_btrfs && is_os_in_subvol; then
cp_to_btrfs_root /reinstall-vmlinuz
cp_to_btrfs_root /reinstall-initrd
fi
# 有的机器开启了 kexec，例如腾讯云轻量 debian，要禁用
if [ -f /etc/default/kexec ]; then
sed -i 's/LOAD_KEXEC=true/LOAD_KEXEC=false/' /etc/default/kexec
fi
$(command -v grub-reboot grub2-reboot) reinstall
fi
if is_use_cloud_image; then
info 'cloud image mode'
elif is_use_dd; then
info 'dd mode'
else
info 'installer mode'
fi
info 'Please reboot to begin the installation'
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