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README
GPL-2.0

Welcome to Avocado

Avocado is a set of tools and libraries to help with automated testing.

One can call it a test framework with benefits. Native tests are written in Python and they follow the unittest pattern, but any executable can serve as a test.

How does it work?

You should first experience Avocado by using the test runner, that is, the command line tool that will conveniently run your tests and collect their results.

To do so, please run avocado with the run sub-command followed by a test reference, which could be either a path to the file, or a recognizable name:

$ avocado run /bin/true
JOB ID     : e0134e010afa18b55d93276ac2a790dc38db7948
JOB LOG    : $HOME/avocado/job-results/job-2023-09-06T10.55-e0134e0/job.log
  (1/1) /bin/true: STARTED
  (1/1) /bin/true: PASS (0.02 s)
RESULTS    : PASS 1 | ERROR 0 | FAIL 0 | SKIP 0 | WARN 0 | INTERRUPT 0 | CANCEL 0
JOB HTML   : $HOME/avocado/job-results/job-2023-09-06T10.55-e0134e0/results.html
JOB TIME   : 1.52 s

You probably noticed that we used /bin/true as a test, and in accordance with our expectations, it passed! These are known as exec-test, but there is also another type of test, which we call instrumented tests.

Tip

See more at the Test types section on the Avocado User's Guide.

Why should I use it?

Multiple result formats

A regular run of Avocado will present the test results on standard output, a nice and colored report useful for human beings. But results for machines can also be generated.

Check the job-results folder ($HOME/avocado/job-results/latest/) to see the outputs.

Currently we support, out of box, the following output formats:

  • xUnit: an XML format that contains test results in a structured form, and are used by other test automation projects, such as jenkins.
  • JSON: a widely used data exchange format. The JSON Avocado plugin outputs job information, similarly to the xunit output plugin.
  • TAP: Provides the basic TAP (Test Anything Protocol) results, currently in v12. Unlike most existing Avocado machine readable outputs this one is streamlined (per test results).

Note

You can see the results of the latest job inside the folder $HOME/avocado/job-results/latest/. You can also specify at the command line the options --xunit, --json or --tap followed by a filename. Avocado will write the output on the specified filename.

When it comes to outputs, Avocado is very flexible. You can check the various output plugins. If you need something more sophisticated, visit our plugins section.

Sysinfo data collector

Avocado comes with a sysinfo plugin, which automatically gathers some system information per each job or even between tests. This is very helpful when trying to identify the cause of a test failure.

Check out the files stored at $HOME/avocado/job-results/latest/sysinfo/:

$ ls $HOME/avocado/job-results/latest/sysinfo/pre/
'brctl show'           hostname             modules
 cmdline              'ifconfig -a'         mounts
 cpuinfo               installed_packages  'numactl --hardware show'
 current_clocksource   interrupts           partitions
'df -mP'              'ip link'             scaling_governor
 dmesg                'ld --version'       'uname -a'
 dmidecode             lscpu                uptime
'fdisk -l'            'lspci -vvnn'         version
'gcc --version'        meminfo

For more information about sysinfo collector, please consult the Avocado User's Guide.

Job Replay and Job Diff

In order to reproduce a given job using the same data, one can use the replay subcommand, informing the hash id from the original job to be replayed. The hash id can be partial, as long as the provided part corresponds to the initial characters of the original job id and it is also unique enough. Or, instead of the job id, you can use the string latest and Avocado will replay the latest job executed.

Example:

$ avocado replay 825b86
JOB ID     : 55a0d10132c02b8cc87deb2b480bfd8abbd956c3
SRC JOB ID : 825b860b0c2f6ec48953c638432e3e323f8d7cad
JOB LOG    : $HOME/avocado/job-results/job-2016-01-11T16.18-55a0d10/job.log
 (1/2) /bin/true: PASS (0.01 s)
 (2/2) /bin/false: FAIL (0.01 s)
RESULTS    : PASS 1 | ERROR 0 | FAIL 1 | SKIP 0 | WARN 0 | INTERRUPT 0
JOB TIME   : 0.11 s
JOB HTML   : $HOME/avocado/job-results/job-2016-01-11T16.18-55a0d10/html/results.html

Avocado Diff plugin allows users to easily compare several aspects of two given jobs. The basic usage is:

$ avocado diff 7025aaba 384b949c
--- 7025aaba9c2ab8b4bba2e33b64db3824810bb5df
+++ 384b949c991b8ab324ce67c9d9ba761fd07672ff
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@

 COMMAND LINE
-/usr/bin/avocado run sleeptest.py
+/usr/bin/avocado run passtest.py

 TOTAL TIME
-1.00 s
+0.00 s

 TEST RESULTS
-1-sleeptest.py:SleepTest.test: PASS
+1-passtest.py:PassTest.test: PASS

 ...

Extensible by plugins

Avocado has a plugin system that can be used to extend it in a clean way. The avocado command line tool has a builtin plugins command that lets you list available plugins. The usage is pretty simple:

$ avocado plugins
Plugins that add new commands (avocado.plugins.cli.cmd):
exec-path Returns path to Avocado bash libraries and exits.
run       Run one or more tests (native test, test alias, binary or script)
sysinfo   Collect system information
...
Plugins that add new options to commands (avocado.plugins.cli):
remote  Remote machine options for 'run' subcommand
journal Journal options for the 'run' subcommand
...

For more information about plugins, please visit the Plugin System section on the Avocado User's Guide.

Utility libraries

When writing tests, developers often need to perform basic tasks on OS and end up having to implement these routines just to run they tests.

Avocado has more than 40 utility modules that helps you to perform basic operations.

Below a small subset of our utility modules:

  • utils.vmimage: This utility provides a API to download/cache VM images (QCOW) from the official distributions repositories.
  • utils.memory: Provides information about memory usage.
  • utils.cpu: Get information from the current's machine CPU.
  • utils.software_manager: Software package management library.
  • utils.download: Methods to download URLs and regular files.
  • utils.archive: Module to help extract and create compressed archives.

Avocado Python API

If the command-line is limiting you, then you can use our new API and create custom jobs and test suites:

import sys

from avocado.core.job import Job

with Job.from_config({'resolver.references': ['/bin/true']}) as job:
    sys.exit(job.run())

How to install

It is super easy, just run the follow command:

$ pip3 install --user avocado-framework

This will install the avocado command in your home directory.

Note

For more details and alternative methods, please visit the Installing section on Avocado User’s Guide

Documentation

Please use the following links for full documentation, including installation methods, tutorials and API or browse this site for more content.

Bugs/Requests

Please use the GitHub issue tracker to submit bugs or request features.

Changelog

Please consult the Avocado Releases for fixes and enhancements of each version.

License

Except where otherwise indicated in a given source file, all original contributions to Avocado are licensed under the GNU General Public License version 2 (GPLv2) or any later version.

By contributing you agree that these contributions are your own (or approved by your employer) and you grant a full, complete, irrevocable copyright license to all users and developers of the Avocado project, present and future, pursuant to the license of the project.

Build and Quality Status

Copr build Code Climate Maintainability Documentation Status Code Style checking by Black
Most files in Avocado are released under the GPLv2 with a "and any later version" clause (GPLv2+), but some files are explicitly bound to the version 2 of the license and therefore that's the official license of the project itself. The header on each individual file contains information about the GPL version that applies to it. Unless explicitly otherwise stated, all files in the avocado project are covered by the GPLv2+ (i.e: v2, or any later version). GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too. When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights. We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software. Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations. Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program. You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License. c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement.) These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program. In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License. 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable. If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it. 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License. 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. 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If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation. 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. NO WARRANTY 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 Ty Coon, President of Vice This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this License.

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Avocado is a set of tools and libraries to help with automated testing. 展开 收起
Python
GPL-2.0
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