From 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Chang <mchang@suse.com>
Date: Mon, 13 Dec 2021 14:25:49 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] fs/btrfs: Use full btrfs bootloader area

Up to now GRUB can only embed to the first 64 KiB before primary
superblock of btrfs, effectively limiting the GRUB core size. That
could consequently pose restrictions to feature enablement like
advanced zstd compression.

This patch attempts to utilize full unused area reserved by btrfs for
the bootloader outlined in the document [1]:

  The first 1MiB on each device is unused with the exception of primary
  superblock that is on the offset 64KiB and spans 4KiB.

Apart from that, adjacent sectors to superblock and first block group
are not used for embedding in case of overflow and logged access to
adjacent sectors could be useful for tracing it up.

This patch has been tested to provide out of the box support for btrfs
zstd compression with which GRUB has been installed to the partition.

[1] https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Manpage/btrfs(5)#BOOTLOADER_SUPPORT

Signed-off-by: Michael Chang <mchang@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
(cherry picked from commit b0f06a81c6f31b6fa20be67a96b6683bba8210c9)
---
 grub-core/fs/btrfs.c | 90 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 include/grub/disk.h  |  2 ++
 2 files changed, 79 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/grub-core/fs/btrfs.c b/grub-core/fs/btrfs.c
index 4cc86e9b79e..07c0ff874b8 100644
--- a/grub-core/fs/btrfs.c
+++ b/grub-core/fs/btrfs.c
@@ -2476,6 +2476,33 @@ grub_btrfs_label (grub_device_t device, char **label)
 }
 
 #ifdef GRUB_UTIL
+
+struct embed_region {
+  unsigned int start;
+  unsigned int secs;
+};
+
+/*
+ * https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Manpage/btrfs(5)#BOOTLOADER_SUPPORT
+ * The first 1 MiB on each device is unused with the exception of primary
+ * superblock that is on the offset 64 KiB and spans 4 KiB.
+ */
+
+static const struct {
+  struct embed_region available;
+  struct embed_region used[6];
+} btrfs_head = {
+  .available = {0, GRUB_DISK_KiB_TO_SECTORS (1024)}, /* The first 1 MiB. */
+  .used = {
+    {0, 1},                                                        /* boot.S. */
+    {GRUB_DISK_KiB_TO_SECTORS (64) - 1, 1},                        /* Overflow guard. */
+    {GRUB_DISK_KiB_TO_SECTORS (64), GRUB_DISK_KiB_TO_SECTORS (4)}, /* 4 KiB superblock. */
+    {GRUB_DISK_KiB_TO_SECTORS (68), 1},                            /* Overflow guard. */
+    {GRUB_DISK_KiB_TO_SECTORS (1024) - 1, 1},                      /* Overflow guard. */
+    {0, 0}                                                         /* Array terminator. */
+  }
+};
+
 static grub_err_t
 grub_btrfs_embed (grub_device_t device __attribute__ ((unused)),
 		  unsigned int *nsectors,
@@ -2483,25 +2510,62 @@ grub_btrfs_embed (grub_device_t device __attribute__ ((unused)),
 		  grub_embed_type_t embed_type,
 		  grub_disk_addr_t **sectors)
 {
-  unsigned i;
+  unsigned int i, j, n = 0;
+  const struct embed_region *u;
+  grub_disk_addr_t *map;
 
   if (embed_type != GRUB_EMBED_PCBIOS)
     return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED_YET,
 		       "BtrFS currently supports only PC-BIOS embedding");
 
-  if (64 * 2 - 1 < *nsectors)
-    return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_OUT_OF_RANGE,
-		       N_("your core.img is unusually large.  "
-			  "It won't fit in the embedding area"));
-
-  *nsectors = 64 * 2 - 1;
-  if (*nsectors > max_nsectors)
-    *nsectors = max_nsectors;
-  *sectors = grub_calloc (*nsectors, sizeof (**sectors));
-  if (!*sectors)
+  map = grub_calloc (btrfs_head.available.secs, sizeof (*map));
+  if (map == NULL)
     return grub_errno;
-  for (i = 0; i < *nsectors; i++)
-    (*sectors)[i] = i + 1;
+
+  /*
+   * Populating the map array so that it can be used to index if a disk
+   * address is available to embed:
+   *   - 0: available,
+   *   - 1: unavailable.
+   */
+  for (u = btrfs_head.used; u->secs; ++u)
+    {
+      unsigned int end = u->start + u->secs;
+
+      if (end > btrfs_head.available.secs)
+        end = btrfs_head.available.secs;
+      for (i = u->start; i < end; ++i)
+        map[i] = 1;
+    }
+
+  /* Adding up n until it matches total size of available embedding area. */
+  for (i = 0; i < btrfs_head.available.secs; ++i)
+    if (map[i] == 0)
+      n++;
+
+  if (n < *nsectors)
+    {
+      grub_free (map);
+      return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_OUT_OF_RANGE,
+		         N_("your core.img is unusually large.  "
+			    "It won't fit in the embedding area"));
+    }
+
+  if (n > max_nsectors)
+    n = max_nsectors;
+
+  /*
+   * Populating the array so that it can used to index disk block address for
+   * an image file's offset to be embedded on disk (the unit is in sectors):
+   *   - i: The disk block address relative to btrfs_head.available.start,
+   *   - j: The offset in image file.
+   */
+  for (i = 0, j = 0; i < btrfs_head.available.secs && j < n; ++i)
+    if (map[i] == 0)
+      map[j++] = btrfs_head.available.start + i;
+
+  *nsectors = n;
+  *sectors = map;
 
   return GRUB_ERR_NONE;
 }
diff --git a/include/grub/disk.h b/include/grub/disk.h
index f95aca929a6..06210a70492 100644
--- a/include/grub/disk.h
+++ b/include/grub/disk.h
@@ -182,6 +182,8 @@ typedef struct grub_disk_memberlist *grub_disk_memberlist_t;
 /* Return value of grub_disk_native_sectors() in case disk size is unknown. */
 #define GRUB_DISK_SIZE_UNKNOWN	 0xffffffffffffffffULL
 
+#define GRUB_DISK_KiB_TO_SECTORS(x) ((x) << (10 - GRUB_DISK_SECTOR_BITS))
+
 /* Convert sector number from one sector size to another. */
 static inline grub_disk_addr_t
 grub_convert_sector (grub_disk_addr_t sector,