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<article class="Vimdoc VimdocJa">
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<a class="Constant" href="usr_09.html" name="usr_09.txt">usr_09.txt</a> For <span class="Identifier">Vim version 8.0.</span> Last change: 2006 Apr 24<br>
<br>
VIM USER MANUAL - by Bram Moolenaar<br>
<br>
Using the GUI<br>
<br>
<br>
Vim works in an ordinary terminal. GVim can do the same things and a few<br>
more. The GUI offers menus, a toolbar, scrollbars and other items. This<br>
chapter is about these extra things that the GUI offers.<br>
<br>
<a class="Identifier" href="usr_09.html#09.1">09.1</a> Parts of the GUI<br>
<a class="Identifier" href="usr_09.html#09.2">09.2</a> Using the mouse<br>
<a class="Identifier" href="usr_09.html#09.3">09.3</a> The clipboard<br>
<a class="Identifier" href="usr_09.html#09.4">09.4</a> Select mode<br>
<br>
Next chapter: <a class="Identifier" href="usr_10.html">usr_10.txt</a> Making big changes<br>
Previous chapter: <a class="Identifier" href="usr_08.html">usr_08.txt</a> Splitting windows<br>
Table of contents: <a class="Identifier" href="usr_toc.html">usr_toc.txt</a><br>
<br>
<span class="PreProc">==============================================================================</span><br>
<a class="Constant" href="usr_09.html#09.1" name="09.1">09.1</a> Parts of the GUI<br>
<br>
You might have an icon on your desktop that starts gVim. Otherwise, one of<br>
these commands should do it:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample"> gvim file.txt<br>
vim -g file.txt</div>
<br>
If this doesn't work you don't have a version of Vim with GUI support. You<br>
will have to install one first.<br>
Vim will open a window and display "file.txt" in it. What the window looks<br>
like depends on the version of Vim. It should resemble the following picture<br>
(for as far as this can be shown in ASCII!).<br>
<br>
+----------------------------------------------------+<br>
| file.txt + (~/dir) - VIM X | <- window title<br>
+----------------------------------------------------+<br>
| File Edit Tools Syntax Buffers Window Help | <- menubar<br>
+----------------------------------------------------+<br>
| aaa bbb ccc ddd eee fff ggg hhh iii jjj | <- toolbar<br>
| aaa bbb ccc ddd eee fff ggg hhh iii jjj |<br>
+----------------------------------------------------+<br>
| file text | ^ |<br>
| ~ | # |<br>
| ~ | # | <- scrollbar<br>
| ~ | # |<br>
| ~ | # |<br>
| ~ | # |<br>
| | V |<br>
+----------------------------------------------------+<br>
<br>
The largest space is occupied by the file text. This shows the file in the<br>
same way as in a terminal. With some different colors and another font<br>
perhaps.<br>
<br>
<br>
THE WINDOW TITLE<br>
<br>
At the very top is the window title. This is drawn by your window system.<br>
Vim will set the title to show the name of the current file. First comes the<br>
name of the file. Then some special characters and the directory of the file<br>
in parens. These special character can be present:<br>
<br>
- The file cannot be modified (e.g., a help file)<br>
+ The file contains changes<br>
= The file is read-only<br>
=+ The file is read-only, contains changes anyway<br>
<br>
If nothing is shown you have an ordinary, unchanged file.<br>
<br>
<br>
THE MENUBAR<br>
<br>
You know how menus work, right? Vim has the usual items, plus a few more.<br>
Browse them to get an idea of what you can use them for. A relevant submenu<br>
is Edit/Global Settings. You will find these entries:<br>
<br>
Toggle Toolbar make the toolbar appear/disappear<br>
Toggle Bottom Scrollbar make a scrollbar appear/disappear at the bottom<br>
Toggle Left Scrollbar make a scrollbar appear/disappear at the left<br>
Toggle Right Scrollbar make a scrollbar appear/disappear at the right<br>
<br>
On most systems you can tear-off the menus. Select the top item of the menu,<br>
the one that looks like a dashed line. You will get a separate window with<br>
the items of the menu. It will hang around until you close the window.<br>
<br>
<br>
THE TOOLBAR<br>
<br>
This contains icons for the most often used actions. Hopefully the icons are<br>
self-explanatory. There are tooltips to get an extra hint (move the mouse<br>
pointer to the icon without clicking and don't move it for a second).<br>
<br>
The "Edit/Global Settings/Toggle Toolbar" menu item can be used to make the<br>
toolbar disappear. If you never want a toolbar, use this command in your<br>
vimrc file:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample"> :set guioptions-=T</div>
<br>
This removes the 'T' flag from the <a class="Type" href="options.html#'guioptions'">'guioptions'</a> option. Other parts of the<br>
GUI can also be enabled or disabled with this option. See the help for it.<br>
<br>
<br>
THE SCROLLBARS<br>
<br>
By default there is one scrollbar on the right. It does the obvious thing.<br>
When you split the window, each window will get its own scrollbar.<br>
You can make a horizontal scrollbar appear with the menu item<br>
Edit/Global Settings/Toggle Bottom Scrollbar. This is useful in diff mode, or<br>
when the <a class="Type" href="options.html#'wrap'">'wrap'</a> option has been reset (more about that later).<br>
<br>
When there are vertically split windows, only the windows on the right side<br>
will have a scrollbar. However, when you move the cursor to a window on the<br>
left, it will be this one the that scrollbar controls. This takes a bit of<br>
time to get used to.<br>
When you work with vertically split windows, consider adding a scrollbar on<br>
the left. This can be done with a menu item, or with the <a class="Type" href="options.html#'guioptions'">'guioptions'</a> option:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample"> :set guioptions+=l</div>
<br>
This adds the 'l' flag to <a class="Type" href="options.html#'guioptions'">'guioptions'</a>.<br>
<br>
<span class="PreProc">==============================================================================</span><br>
<a class="Constant" href="usr_09.html#09.2" name="09.2">09.2</a> Using the mouse<br>
<br>
Standards are wonderful. In Microsoft Windows, you can use the mouse to<br>
select text in a standard manner. The X Window system also has a standard<br>
system for using the mouse. Unfortunately, these two standards are not the<br>
same.<br>
Fortunately, you can customize Vim. You can make the behavior of the mouse<br>
work like an X Window system mouse or a Microsoft Windows mouse. The following<br>
command makes the mouse behave like an X Window mouse:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample"> :behave xterm</div>
<br>
The following command makes the mouse work like a Microsoft Windows mouse:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample"> :behave mswin</div>
<br>
The default behavior of the mouse on UNIX systems is xterm. The default<br>
behavior on a Microsoft Windows system is selected during the installation<br>
process. For details about what the two behaviors are, see <a class="Identifier" href="gui.html#:behave">:behave</a>. Here<br>
follows a summary.<br>
<br>
<br>
XTERM MOUSE BEHAVIOR<br>
<br>
Left mouse click position the cursor<br>
Left mouse drag select text in Visual mode<br>
Middle mouse click paste text from the clipboard<br>
Right mouse click extend the selected text until the mouse<br>
pointer<br>
<br>
<br>
MSWIN MOUSE BEHAVIOR<br>
<br>
Left mouse click position the cursor<br>
Left mouse drag select text in Select mode (see <a class="Identifier" href="usr_09.html#09.4">09.4</a>)<br>
Left mouse click, with Shift extend the selected text until the mouse<br>
pointer<br>
Middle mouse click paste text from the clipboard<br>
Right mouse click display a pop-up menu<br>
<br>
<br>
The mouse can be further tuned. Check out these options if you want to change<br>
the way how the mouse works:<br>
<br>
<a class="Type" href="options.html#'mouse'">'mouse'</a> in which mode the mouse is used by Vim<br>
<a class="Type" href="options.html#'mousemodel'">'mousemodel'</a> what effect a mouse click has<br>
<a class="Type" href="options.html#'mousetime'">'mousetime'</a> time between clicks for a double-click<br>
<a class="Type" href="options.html#'mousehide'">'mousehide'</a> hide the mouse while typing<br>
<a class="Type" href="options.html#'selectmode'">'selectmode'</a> whether the mouse starts Visual or Select mode<br>
<br>
<span class="PreProc">==============================================================================</span><br>
<a class="Constant" href="usr_09.html#09.3" name="09.3">09.3</a> The clipboard<br>
<br>
In section <a class="Identifier" href="usr_04.html#04.7">04.7</a> the basic use of the clipboard was explained. There is one<br>
essential thing to explain about X-windows: There are actually two places to<br>
exchange text between programs. MS-Windows doesn't have this.<br>
<br>
In X-Windows there is the "current selection". This is the text that is<br>
currently highlighted. In Vim this is the Visual area (this assumes you are<br>
using the default option settings). You can paste this selection in another<br>
application without any further action.<br>
For example, in this text select a few words with the mouse. Vim will<br>
switch to Visual mode and highlight the text. Now start another gVim, without<br>
a file name argument, so that it displays an empty window. Click the middle<br>
mouse button. The selected text will be inserted.<br>
<br>
The "current selection" will only remain valid until some other text is<br>
selected. After doing the paste in the other gVim, now select some characters<br>
in that window. You will notice that the words that were previously selected<br>
in the other gvim window are displayed differently. This means that it no<br>
longer is the current selection.<br>
<br>
You don't need to select text with the mouse, using the keyboard commands for<br>
Visual mode works just as well.<br>
<br>
<br>
THE REAL CLIPBOARD<br>
<br>
Now for the other place with which text can be exchanged. We call this the<br>
"real clipboard", to avoid confusion. Often both the "current selection" and<br>
the "real clipboard" are called clipboard, you'll have to get used to that.<br>
To put text on the real clipboard, select a few different words in one of<br>
the gVims you have running. Then use the Edit/Copy menu entry. Now the text<br>
has been copied to the real clipboard. You can't see this, unless you have<br>
some application that shows the clipboard contents (e.g., KDE's klipper).<br>
Now select the other gVim, position the cursor somewhere and use the<br>
Edit/Paste menu. You will see the text from the real clipboard is inserted.<br>
<br>
<br>
USING BOTH<br>
<br>
This use of both the "current selection" and the "real clipboard" might sound<br>
a bit confusing. But it is very useful. Let's show this with an example.<br>
Use one gvim with a text file and perform these actions:<br>
<br>
- Select two words in Visual mode.<br>
- Use the Edit/Copy menu to get these words onto the clipboard.<br>
- Select one other word in Visual mode.<br>
- Use the Edit/Paste menu item. What will happen is that the single selected<br>
word is replaced with the two words from the clipboard.<br>
- Move the mouse pointer somewhere else and click the middle button. You<br>
will see that the word you just overwrote with the clipboard is inserted<br>
here.<br>
<br>
If you use the "current selection" and the "real clipboard" with care, you can<br>
do a lot of useful editing with them.<br>
<br>
<br>
USING THE KEYBOARD<br>
<br>
If you don't like using the mouse, you can access the current selection and<br>
the real clipboard with two registers. The "* register is for the current<br>
selection.<br>
To make text become the current selection, use Visual mode. For example,<br>
to select a whole line just press "V".<br>
To insert the current selection before the cursor:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample"> "*P</div>
<br>
Notice the uppercase "P". The lowercase "p" puts the text after the cursor.<br>
<br>
The "+ register is used for the real clipboard. For example, to copy the text<br>
from the cursor position until the end of the line to the clipboard:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample"> "+y$</div>
<br>
Remember, "y" is yank, which is Vim's copy command.<br>
To insert the contents of the real clipboard before the cursor:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample"> "+P</div>
<br>
It's the same as for the current selection, but uses the plus (+) register<br>
instead of the star (*) register.<br>
<br>
<span class="PreProc">==============================================================================</span><br>
<a class="Constant" href="usr_09.html#09.4" name="09.4">09.4</a> Select mode<br>
<br>
And now something that is used more often on MS-Windows than on X-Windows.<br>
But both can do it. You already know about Visual mode. Select mode is like<br>
Visual mode, because it is also used to select text. But there is an obvious<br>
difference: When typing text, the selected text is deleted and the typed text<br>
replaces it.<br>
<br>
To start working with Select mode, you must first enable it (for MS-Windows<br>
it is probably already enabled, but you can do this anyway):<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample"> :set selectmode+=mouse</div>
<br>
Now use the mouse to select some text. It is highlighted like in Visual mode.<br>
Now press a letter. The selected text is deleted, and the single letter<br>
replaces it. You are in Insert mode now, thus you can continue typing.<br>
<br>
Since typing normal text causes the selected text to be deleted, you can not<br>
use the normal movement commands "hjkl", "w", etc. Instead, use the shifted<br>
function keys. <span class="Special"><S-Left></span> (shifted cursor left key) moves the cursor left. The<br>
selected text is changed like in Visual mode. The other shifted cursor keys<br>
do what you expect. <span class="Special"><S-End></span> and <span class="Special"><S-Home></span> also work.<br>
<br>
You can tune the way Select mode works with the <a class="Type" href="options.html#'selectmode'">'selectmode'</a> option.<br>
<br>
<span class="PreProc">==============================================================================</span><br>
<br>
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