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LGPL-2.1

简介

AMetal是芯片级的裸机软件包,定义了跨平台的通用接口(使得基于AMetal的应用程序可以和具体硬件完全分离,实现跨平台复用),并提供了一系列驱动及常用的软件服务。

在MCU产业快速发展的今天,芯片厂商推出了越来越多的MCU。不同厂商、型号之间,MCU外设可能千差万别,例如,对于UART,不同芯片所对应的寄存器含义、波特率计算方法,中断处理方法等可能全然不同,这给广大嵌入式开发人员带来了诸多烦恼(例如,出于芯片资源、芯片供货情况等种种原因,产品需要更换使用的芯片,此时,底层大部分操作硬件的程序以及与之关联的应用程序可能都需要全部推翻重写)。实际上,对于同类外设,虽然底层差异性很大,但用途却是基本相同的,无论何种芯片上的UART外设,其提供的核心功能无非是发送串口数据或接收串口数据。为此,AMetal 对同一类外设进行了抽象,基于外设功能设计了相应的通用接口(也称之为标准接口),使得不同厂商、型号的MCU外设都能以通用接口操作。换言之,AMetal为用户提供了与具体芯片无关、仅与外设功能相关的通用接口,屏蔽了不同芯片底层的差异性。如果用户基于通用接口开发应用程序,将使得应用程序与具体芯片无关,非常容易跨平台(不同芯片对应的AMetal平台)复用。

对于同类外设,除标准功能外,不同芯片可能会提供一些非常特殊的功能,这些功能无法标准化,极少情况下,用户可能需要使用到这些功能,AMetal也提供了直接操作寄存器的接口,用户可直接使用这部分接口操作寄存器,实现特殊功能。特别地,直接操作寄存器的接口非常简单,往往以内联函数的形式提供,效率很高,某些特殊的应用可能对内存占用、运行效率等有极高的要求,则也可以选择使用直接操作寄存器的接口。

对于上层操作系统而言,例如,AWorks、Linux等,对各个外设都需要编写驱动。在编写特定操作系统下的驱动时,必须要熟悉特定的驱动框架及操作系统调用,这往往会花费开发人员相当大的精力。对于同一个外设而言,如果要支持多个操作系统,就需要编写多个驱动,其实,驱动底层对硬件的操作是有相通之处的。如果这部分驱动基于AMetal通用接口编写,那么,驱动将与具体芯片无关,只要AMetal支持了该芯片,为上层操作系统编写的驱动也就支持了该芯片。

芯片支持情况

下表为目前AMetal所支持的芯片(及对应的开发板)信息,相关评估板硬件资料获取:https://www.zlg.cn/ametal/article/index.html

厂商 芯片 board 备注
ZLG ZLG116(Cotex-M0内核) am116_core  
ZLG126(Cotex-M0内核) am126_core  
ZML166(Cotex-M0内核) am166_core  
ZML165(Cotex-M0内核) am165_core  
ZLG217(Cotex-M3内核) am217_core  
ZLG227(Cotex-M3内核) am227_core  
ZLG237(Cotex-M3内核) am237_core  
ZMF159(Cotex-M3内核) am159_core  
ZSN700(Cotex-M0+内核) am700_core  
ZSL42x(Cotex-M0+内核) am42x_core  
ZSB4T858(Cotex-M4内核) zsb4t858_core  
ZMF2x6(Cotex-M0内核) am2x6_core  
NXP LPC824(Cotex-M0+内核) am824_core  
am824ble am824_core + 蓝牙
am824zb am824_core + zigbee
LPC845(Cotex-M0+内核) am845_core  
FREESCALE KL26(Cotex-M0+内核) amks16z_core  
amks16rfid amks16z_core + 2天线RFID
amks16rfid-8 amks16z_core + 8天线RFID
HDSC HC32L19x(Cotex-M0+内核) aml19x_core  
HC32L17x(Cotex-M0+内核) aml17x_core  
HC32L13x(Cotex-M0+内核) aml13x_core  
HC32F19x(Cotex-M0+内核) amf19x_core  
HC32F17x(Cotex-M0+内核) amf17x_core  
HC32F03x(Cotex-M0+内核) amf03x_core  
HC32F07x(Cotex-M0+内核) hc32f07x_core  
HC32L07x(Cotex-M0+内核) hc32l07x_core  
HC32F46x(Cotex-M4内核) hc32f46x_core  
HC32F4A0(Cotex-M4内核) hc32f4ax_core  
GD GD32F103(Cotex-M3内核) gd32f103x_core  
GD32E50x(Cotex-M33内核) gd32e50x_core  
GD32F450x(Cotex-M4内核) gd32f450x_core  
MM32 MM32L073(Cotex-M0内核) mm32l073_core  
MM32L373(Cotex-M3内核) mm32l373_core  
ST STM32F103(Cotex-M3内核) stm32f103_core  
HK HK32F103(Cotex-M3内核) hk32f103_core  

注意:同一芯片可能对应几个不同的硬件评估板,它们的差异较小,复用了该芯片下绝大部分代码。它们通常仅仅是配置不同,比如不同board上LED对应的GPIO引脚不同,评估板仅供参考,在实际应用中,若用户仅使用了相应芯片,而board是自定义的,则可以将芯片对应的任意一个board作为模板,稍作改动即可使用。

驱动组件支持情况

下表为目前AMetal所支持的驱动组件信息:

组件 芯片设备 简要说明
LED组件 LED GPIO驱动、HC595驱动;
ADC组件 CS1237 24位ADC驱动;
蜂鸣器组件 有源蜂鸣器 GPIO驱动;
无源蜂鸣器 PWM驱动;
数码管组件 8段数码管 GPIO驱动、HC595驱动等;
ZLG72128 数码管&键盘管理芯片(I2C),可管理12位数码管和32个按键;
HC595组件 74HC595 GPIO驱动、SPI驱动;
EEprom驱动组件 AT24C02 EEprom驱动(I2C);
针式打印机组件 M150-2机头 驱动M150-2打印机,适用于出租车、小票打印等;
手势检测组件 GS200 UART驱动,支持多种手势动作检测;
雨量检测组件 RS200 UART驱动,可检测大雨小雨中雨等;
磁旋钮组件 MK100 UART驱动,支持多种动作检测;
系统监控组件 CAT823 带看门狗和手动复位的系统监控器;
安全加密芯片 FMSE-A03 安全加密芯片驱动 ;
摄像头驱动 ov2640驱动 摄像头驱动 ;
ISO7816协议 ISO7816协议 ISO7816协议 ;
BLE组件 ZLG9021 蓝牙透传(UART);
ZLG52810 蓝牙5.0透传(UART);
ZigBee组件 ZM516X ZigBee透传(UART);
N58通信协议 N58通信协议 N58通信协议 ;
指纹识别组件 TS10x 指纹模组,UART控制;
NVRAM组件 EEPROM EEPROM存储设备(I2C);
接口转换组件 SC16IS7xx I2C转UART;
I2C组件   模拟I2C(GPIO驱动);
SPI组件   模拟SPI(GPIO驱动);
液晶驱动组件 OLED(SSD1306) 液晶驱动(SPI/I2C);
LCD(ILI9341) 液晶驱动(SPI);
LCD(ST7735) 液晶驱动(SPI/I2C);
LCD(pcf8551) 液晶驱动(SPI/I2C);
按键检测组件 独立按键 GPIO驱动;
矩阵键盘 GPIO行列式驱动;
ZLG72128 数码管&键盘管理芯片(I2C),可管理12位数码管和32个按键;
FLASH驱动组件 ISI25xx系列 IS25系列SPI FLASH芯片,如IS25LP064等(SPI);
MX25xx系列 旺宏公司的MX25系列SPI FLASH芯片,如MX25L1606E等(SPI);
FM25CLxx系列 铁电随机存取存储器(SPI);
MB85RS系列 铁电随机存取存储器(SPI);
无线读卡组件 FM175XX NFC无线读卡,支持常见的Mifare卡,以及一系列A类卡和B类卡;
ZLG600 无线读卡模块,UART控制;
ZSN603 I2C/UART方式通信,集成TypeB、SAM 、PLUS CPU卡等的操作命令;
RTC组件 DS1302 实时时钟(I2C驱动),带闹钟、时钟输出等功能;
PCF85063 实时时钟(I2C驱动),带闹钟、时钟输出等功能;
RX8025SA 实时时钟(I2C驱动),带闹钟、时钟输出等功能;
RX8025T 实时时钟(I2C驱动),带闹钟、时钟输出等功能;
传感器 LM75 温度传感器(I2C驱动);
PT100 温度传感器;
DS18B20 温度传感器(单总线);
MPL3115A2 气压温度传感器(I2C驱动);
SHT20 温湿度传感器(I2C驱动);
SHTC1 温湿度传感器(I2C驱动);
HTS221 温湿度传感器(I2C驱动);
BME280 压力温湿度传感器(I2C驱动);
LPS22HB 压力与温度传感器(I2C驱动);
BMP280 压力与温度传感器(I2C驱动);
BMA253 三轴加速度传感器(I2C驱动);
LSM6DSL 三轴加速度传感器(I2C驱动);
ADXL375 三轴加速度传感器;
FXOS8700CQ 六轴传感器(I2C驱动);
LIS3MDL 三轴磁传感器(I2C驱动);
MMC5883MA 三轴磁传感器(I2C驱动);
MAG311 三轴磁力与温度传感器(I2C驱动);
BMG160 三轴角速率传感器(I2C驱动);
BH1730FVC 光照强度传感器(I2C驱动);
TMD26353M Proximity(I2C驱动);
TSL25603M Ambient Light Sensor(I2C驱动);
TSL2522 Ambient Light Sensor(I2C驱动);
TSL2572 Ambient Light Sensor(I2C驱动);
TSL2585 Ambient Light Sensor(I2C驱动);
TSL2770 Ambient Light Sensor(I2C驱动);
TMD27504M ALS+Prox(I2C驱动);
TCS34303 Color传感器(I2C驱动);
TCS3440 Color传感器(I2C驱动);
TCS3530 环境光 Color传感器(I2C驱动);
TMD37024VCM Color+Prox(I2C驱动);
AS7262-BLGT 可见光谱 sensor(I2C驱动);
AS7341-DLGM 可见光谱 sensor(I2C驱动);
AS7343 可见光谱 sensor(I2C驱动);
AS7421-ZLGT 可见光谱 sensor(I2C驱动);
TMF8801-1BM TOF(I2C驱动);
AS6214-AWLT-S Temperature(I2C驱动);
TMG49037 Gesture+Color+ALS+Prox(I2C驱动);
AS5600 Magnetic Angle(I2C驱动);
AS621x 温度传感器(I2C驱动);
KX132_1211 加速度传感器(I2C/SPI驱动);
Lis2ds12 加速度传感器 (I2C/SPI驱动);
NST175 温度传感器(dzongxian);
tmd2750 环境光、接近传感器 (I2C/SPI驱动);
tmd3702 环境光、接近传感器 (I2C/SPI驱动);
tmf8801 接近传感器 (I2C);
tmf8821 接近传感器 (I2C);
tmg49037 颜色、接近传感器 (I2C);
tmg116 温度传感器 (I2C);
tsl2540 环境光传感器 (I2C);
tsl2560 环境光传感器 (I2C);

特点

  • 将外设操作标准化,避免上层软件、驱动的再次开发;
  • 能独立运行的软件包,全部开源,提供工程模板与DEMO程序,可在此基础上开发应用程序;
  • 不依赖操作系统服务;
  • 尽可能将外设的所有特性开放出来;
  • 尽可能浅地对外设进行封装,把效率放在第一位;
  • 用户不用看芯片手册也能使用。

快速入门

  • 模板工程位于 ametal/board/{board_name}/project_template 目录下。例如:硬件板 am116_core 对应的 keil5 模板工程位于:ametal/board/am116_core/project_template/project_keil5/template_am116_core.uvprojx。可以直接打开后使用。

    注意:ZLG 相关芯片的 keil pack 包位于:ametal/tools/keil_pack。

  • 示例工程位于 ametal/board/{board_name}/project_example 目录下。默认为LED闪烁的demo,通过修改调用的demo函数,可以运行其他demo,如 SPI、ADC、EEPROM 等等。

  • TODO:

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AMetal是芯片级的裸机软件包,定义了跨平台的通用接口(使得基于AMetal的应用程序可以和具体硬件完全分离,实现跨平台复用),并提供了一系列驱动及常用的软件服务。 展开 收起
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