列表复习-练习.ipynb · 张雨龙/Python基础复习

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列表复习-练习.ipynb 13.73 KB

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Python的列表内容复习"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "请完成以下所有代码:\n",
    "- 如果不知道怎么操作，可参考答案笔记本。最终目标要在没有提示的情况下完成所有代码\n",
    "- 如果有内容不理解，请及时提问，或参考Python相关资料\n",
    "\n",
    "网络可参考资料有（但不仅限于）：\n",
    "- 菜鸟教程\n",
    "    - [Python3 列表](https://www.runoob.com/python3/python3-list.html)\n",
    "    - [Python3 元组](https://www.runoob.com/python3/python3-tuple.html)\n",
    "- [廖雪峰的教程：使用list和tuple](https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/1016959663602400/1017092876846880)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 一、列表基本操作"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1. 一维列表"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.1 一维列表定义\n",
    "声明一个列表`l`：`[1, 2, 3]`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.2 直接显示列表内容\n",
    "\n",
    "不用`print`，在`Jyputer Notebook`中直接显示列表`l`内容"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.3 获取列表的元素\n",
    "获取列表第一个元素"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "获取列表的第三个元素"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "获取列表的最后一个元素"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.4 获取列表元素时超出范围错误"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.5 获取列表的长度"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.6 给列表添加元素"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "给列表`l`的**最后一位**添加一个元素: `4`\n",
    "\n",
    "注意：不是添加一个只有一个元素的列表"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "给列表`l`中**第一位**添加一个元素: `abc`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.7 给列表添加列表\n",
    "- 用`+`加号给列表`l`中添加一个列表: `[5, 6]`\n",
    "- 用`extend`给列表`l`中添加一个列表: `[7, 8]`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 问题: 如果只写`l+[5,6]`不符值给`l`会出现什么情况？"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 问题: `append`与`+`的区别\n",
    "假设`l`是一个`list`，`l.append([1,2])`和`l+[1,2]`会有什么区别?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.8 删除列表指定位置元素\n",
    "把列表`l`中最后一位`8`删除"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.9 删除列表指定内容元素 \n",
    "删除列表`l`中的'abc'元素"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 问题：`remove`方法的实质\n",
    "如果`l=[1,1,2,1,1]`，这时`l.remove(1)`的结果是什么?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "可以通过以下两种方法获得一个方法的帮助"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2. 二维列表"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 2.1 二维列表的定义"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "定义如下图示结构的二维列表`l2`\n",
    "<img src=\"https://wgz_zzit.gitee.io/pi/imgResources/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8.jpg\" width=\"20%\">"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 2.2 获取列表元素\n",
    "返回`l2`第二行第三个元素"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 2.3 获取列表的高度`h`和宽度`w`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "- 直接获得"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "- 借助Numpy获得"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 2.4 修改列表的元素\n",
    "把`l2`第二行第一个元素修改为32"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 3.三维列表"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 3.1 三维列表的定义"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "定义如下图示结构的三维列表`l3`\n",
    "<img src=\"https://wgz_zzit.gitee.io/pi/imgResources/3D_list.jpg\" width=\"50%\">"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 3.2 获取列表的高`h`和宽`w`和每一个元素的长度`l`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "- 直接获得"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "- 通过`numpy`获得"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 二、列表的切片"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1. 一维列表切片"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "对以下列表进行切片操作"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.1 返回`位置≥i且<j`的子列表\n",
    "返回列表`l`的第二位到第四位数字"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.2 返回列表的前n个数\n",
    "返回列表`l`前5个数"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.3 返回列表的最后n个数\n",
    "返回列表`l`的后3个数"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.4 返回列表中所有偶数位置的数字"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.5 修改子列表内容 \n",
    "把列表第2,3,4个数改成[6,6,6]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.6 删除子列表\n",
    "把列表最后2位数字删除"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 三、列表的循环访问"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1 一维列表的循环访问"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.1 直接循环列表"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.2 通过索引值循环"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2. 二维列表的循环访问"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 2.1 这行访问\n",
    "如果想要一次一行的循环整个列表，方法如下\n",
    "<img src=\"https://wgz_zzit.gitee.io/pi/imgResources/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8.jpg\" width=\"20%\">"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 2.2 逐个访问\n",
    "如果想要一个元素一个元素的循环整个列表，方法如下"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 3. enumerate() 函数"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "请仔细学习[Python enumerate() 函数 | 菜鸟教程](https://www.runoob.com/python/python-func-enumerate.html)的网络教程，利用`enumerate()`函数实现以下输出：\n",
    "```\n",
    "编号: 0 -> a\n",
    "编号: 1 -> 1\n",
    "编号: 2 -> [1, 2, 3]\n",
    "编号: 3 -> xyz\n",
    "编号: 4 -> 哈哈\n",
    "编号: 5 -> ~!@#$RT&\n",
    "```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l=['a',1,[1,2,3],\"xyz\",\"哈哈\",\"~!@#$RT&\"]"
   ]
  },
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