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GCC基本用法.html

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</style><title>用法</title>
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<body class='typora-export os-windows'><div class='typora-export-content'>
<div id='write'  class=''><h3 id='用法'><span>用法</span></h3><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="shell"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="shell"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 9.51801px; left: 7.98611px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span>(g<span class="cm-operator">++</span>) &lt;options&gt; &lt;sourcefiles...&gt;</span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-comment"># 示例</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span> main.cpp</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-o</span> main main.cpp</span></pre><div class="" style="position: relative;"><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-o</span> main main.cpp hello.cpp fun.cpp</span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-I</span>../headers <span class="cm-attribute">-o</span> main main.cpp</span></pre><div class="" style="position: relative;"><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">g<span class="cm-operator">++</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-o</span> main <span class="cm-attribute">-I</span>../headers <span class="cm-attribute">-L</span>../lib <span class="cm-attribute">-lfun1</span> main.cpp hello.cpp</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 161px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 161px;"></div></div></div></pre><h3 id='常用选项options'><span>常用选项(options)</span></h3><figure><table><thead><tr><th style='text-align:center;' ><span>选项</span></th><th style='text-align:center;' ><span>作用</span></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>-o </span><span>&lt;</span><span>filename</span><span>&gt;</span></td><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>指定生成文件名</span></td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>-</span><font face="Consolas"><span>I</span></font><span>&lt;</span><span>dir</span><span>&gt;</span></td><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>指定头文件搜索路径</span></td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>-L</span><span>&lt;</span><span>dir</span><span>&gt;</span></td><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>指定库搜索路径</span></td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>-static</span></td><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>静态链接</span></td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>-E -o</span><span>&lt;</span><span>filename.i</span><span>&gt;</span></td><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>编译过程进行到预处理</span></td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>-S</span></td><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>编译过程进行到编译</span></td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>-c</span></td><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>编译过程进行到汇编</span></td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>-O(0-3)</span></td><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>指定代码优化级别</span></td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>-Wall</span></td><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>输出警告信息</span></td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>-fexec-charset=GBK</span></td><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>指定运行时编码</span></td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>-finput-charset=UTF-8</span></td><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>指定源文件编码</span></td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>-</span><font face="Consolas"><span>l</span></font><span>&lt;</span><span>libname</span><span>&gt;</span></td><td style='text-align:center;' ><span>指定链接库名</span></td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:center;' >&nbsp;</td><td style='text-align:center;' >&nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:center;' >&nbsp;</td><td style='text-align:center;' >&nbsp;</td></tr></tbody></table></figure><p>&nbsp;</p><h3 id='静态链接库'><span>静态链接库</span></h3><h4 id='命名-1'><span>命名</span></h4><p><span>静态链接库命名采用</span><strong><span>lib</span><span>&lt;</span><span>name</span><span>&gt;</span><span>.a</span></strong><span>的形式，例如libmangle.a，libpng.a</span></p><h4 id='归档静态链接库生成）'><span>归档（静态链接库生成）</span></h4><p><span>先将需要归档到库的源文件编译成.o文件，再用下列命令归档</span></p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="shell"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="shell"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 9.51801px; left: 7.98611px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre>x</pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">ar rcs &lt;libname&gt; &lt;objfilelist...&gt;</span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-comment"># 示例</span></span></pre><div class="" style="position: relative;"><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">ar rcs libfun.a fun1.o fun2.o fun3.o <span class="cm-comment"># 将3个.o文件归档到同一库文件当中</span></span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 69px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 69px;"></div></div></div></pre><h4 id='使用-1'><span>使用</span></h4><p><span>先将使用到对应静态库的源文件编译为.o文件，再进行链接</span></p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="shell"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="shell"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 9.51801px; left: 7.98611px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span>(g<span class="cm-operator">++</span>) &lt;ofilelist...&gt; <span class="cm-attribute">-L</span>&lt;dir&gt; <span class="cm-attribute">-l</span>&lt;lib&gt;</span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-comment"># 示例</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span> main.o hello.o <span class="cm-attribute">-L</span>../lib <span class="cm-attribute">-lfun1</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-lfun2</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-lfun3</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-comment"># 或者</span></span></pre><div class="" style="position: relative;"><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span> main.o hello.o ../lib/libfun1.a ../lib/libfun2.a ../lib/libfun3.a</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 115px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 115px;"></div></div></div></pre><h3 id='动态链接库'><span>动态链接库</span></h3><h4 id='命名-2'><span>命名</span></h4><p><span>动态链接库命名规则为lib</span><span>&lt;</span><span>name</span><span>&gt;</span><span>.dll (Windows) / lib</span><span>&lt;</span><span>name</span><span>&gt;</span><span>.so (Linux)，例如：libmangle.dll/libmangle.so，libpng.dll/libpng.so</span></p><h3 id='生成'><span>生成</span></h3><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="shell"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="shell"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 9.51801px; left: 7.98611px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre>x</pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-comment"># 分步进行</span></span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span>(g<span class="cm-operator">++</span>) <span class="cm-attribute">-c</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-fPIC</span> &lt;sourcefilelist ...&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span>(g<span class="cm-operator">++</span>) <span class="cm-attribute">-o</span> &lt;libname&gt; <span class="cm-attribute">-shared</span> &lt;objfilelist ...&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-comment"># 示例</span></span></pre><div class="" style="position: relative;"><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-c</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-fPIC</span> fun1.c fun2.c fun3.c</span></pre></div><div class="" style="position: relative;"><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-o</span> libfun.dll <span class="cm-attribute">-shared</span> fun1.o fun2.o fun3.o</span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text="" cm-zwsp="">
</span></span></pre><div class="" style="position: relative;"><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-comment"># 一步到位</span></span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span>(g<span class="cm-operator">++</span>) <span class="cm-attribute">-o</span> &lt;libname&gt; <span class="cm-attribute">-fPIC</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-shared</span> &lt;sourcefilelist ...&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-comment"># 示例</span></span></pre><div class="" style="position: relative;"><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-o</span> libfun.dll <span class="cm-attribute">-fPIC</span> &nbsp;<span class="cm-attribute">-shared</span> fun1.c fun2.c fun3.c</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 253px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 253px;"></div></div></div></pre><h4 id='使用-2'><span>使用</span></h4><p><span>先将使用到对应静态库的源文件编译为.o文件，再进行链接</span></p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded md-focus" spellcheck="false" lang="shell"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="shell"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 32.554px; left: 54.1341px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre>x</pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="" style="position: relative;"><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span>(g<span class="cm-operator">++</span>) &lt;ofilelist...&gt; <span class="cm-attribute">-L</span>&lt;dir&gt; <span class="cm-attribute">-l</span>&lt;lib&gt;</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-comment"># 示例</span></span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span> main.o hello.o <span class="cm-attribute">-L</span>../lib <span class="cm-attribute">-lfun1</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-lfun2</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-lfun3</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-comment"># 或者</span></span></pre><div class="" style="position: relative;"><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">gcc</span> main.o hello.o ../lib/libfun1.dll ../lib/libfun2.dll ../lib/libfun3.dll</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 115px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 115px;"></div></div></div></pre><p>&nbsp;</p></div></div>
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