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#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#
# flamegraph.pl flame stack grapher.
#
# This takes stack samples and renders a call graph, allowing hot functions
# and codepaths to be quickly identified. Stack samples can be generated using
# tools such as DTrace, perf, SystemTap, and Instruments.
#
# USAGE: ./flamegraph.pl [options] input.txt > graph.svg
#
# grep funcA input.txt | ./flamegraph.pl [options] > graph.svg
#
# Then open the resulting .svg in a web browser, for interactivity: mouse-over
# frames for info, click to zoom, and ctrl-F to search.
#
# Options are listed in the usage message (--help).
#
# The input is stack frames and sample counts formatted as single lines. Each
# frame in the stack is semicolon separated, with a space and count at the end
# of the line. These can be generated for Linux perf script output using
# stackcollapse-perf.pl, for DTrace using stackcollapse.pl, and for other tools
# using the other stackcollapse programs. Example input:
#
# swapper;start_kernel;rest_init;cpu_idle;default_idle;native_safe_halt 1
#
# An optional extra column of counts can be provided to generate a differential
# flame graph of the counts, colored red for more, and blue for less. This
# can be useful when using flame graphs for non-regression testing.
# See the header comment in the difffolded.pl program for instructions.
#
# The input functions can optionally have annotations at the end of each
# function name, following a precedent by some tools (Linux perf's _[k]):
# _[k] for kernel
# _[i] for inlined
# _[j] for jit
# _[w] for waker
# Some of the stackcollapse programs support adding these annotations, eg,
# stackcollapse-perf.pl --kernel --jit. They are used merely for colors by
# some palettes, eg, flamegraph.pl --color=java.
#
# The output flame graph shows relative presence of functions in stack samples.
# The ordering on the x-axis has no meaning; since the data is samples, time
# order of events is not known. The order used sorts function names
# alphabetically.
#
# While intended to process stack samples, this can also process stack traces.
# For example, tracing stacks for memory allocation, or resource usage. You
# can use --title to set the title to reflect the content, and --countname
# to change "samples" to "bytes" etc.
#
# There are a few different palettes, selectable using --color. By default,
# the colors are selected at random (except for differentials). Functions
# called "-" will be printed gray, which can be used for stack separators (eg,
# between user and kernel stacks).
#
# HISTORY
#
# This was inspired by Neelakanth Nadgir's excellent function_call_graph.rb
# program, which visualized function entry and return trace events. As Neel
# wrote: "The output displayed is inspired by Roch's CallStackAnalyzer which
# was in turn inspired by the work on vftrace by Jan Boerhout". See:
# https://blogs.oracle.com/realneel/entry/visualizing_callstacks_via_dtrace_and
#
# Copyright 2016 Netflix, Inc.
# Copyright 2011 Joyent, Inc. All rights reserved.
# Copyright 2011 Brendan Gregg. All rights reserved.
#
# CDDL HEADER START
#
# The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
# Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
# You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
#
# You can obtain a copy of the license at docs/cddl1.txt or
# http://opensource.org/licenses/CDDL-1.0.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions
# and limitations under the License.
#
# When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
# file and include the License file at docs/cddl1.txt.
# If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
# fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
# information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
#
# CDDL HEADER END
#
# 11-Oct-2014 Adrien Mahieux Added zoom.
# 21-Nov-2013 Shawn Sterling Added consistent palette file option
# 17-Mar-2013 Tim Bunce Added options and more tunables.
# 15-Dec-2011 Dave Pacheco Support for frames with whitespace.
# 10-Sep-2011 Brendan Gregg Created this.
use strict;
use Getopt::Long;
use open qw(:std :utf8);
# tunables
my $encoding;
my $fonttype = "Verdana";
my $imagewidth = 1200; # max width, pixels
my $frameheight = 16; # max height is dynamic
my $fontsize = 12; # base text size
my $fontwidth = 0.59; # avg width relative to fontsize
my $minwidth = 0.1; # min function width, pixels or percentage of time
my $nametype = "Function:"; # what are the names in the data?
my $countname = "samples"; # what are the counts in the data?
my $colors = "hot"; # color theme
my $bgcolors = ""; # background color theme
my $nameattrfile; # file holding function attributes
my $timemax; # (override the) sum of the counts
my $factor = 1; # factor to scale counts by
my $hash = 0; # color by function name
my $rand = 0; # color randomly
my $palette = 0; # if we use consistent palettes (default off)
my %palette_map; # palette map hash
my $pal_file = "palette.map"; # palette map file name
my $stackreverse = 0; # reverse stack order, switching merge end
my $inverted = 0; # icicle graph
my $flamechart = 0; # produce a flame chart (sort by time, do not merge stacks)
my $negate = 0; # switch differential hues
my $titletext = ""; # centered heading
my $titledefault = "Flame Graph"; # overwritten by --title
my $titleinverted = "Icicle Graph"; # " "
my $searchcolor = "rgb(230,0,230)"; # color for search highlighting
my $notestext = ""; # embedded notes in SVG
my $subtitletext = ""; # second level title (optional)
my $help = 0;
sub usage {
die <<USAGE_END;
USAGE: $0 [options] infile > outfile.svg\n
--title TEXT # change title text
--subtitle TEXT # second level title (optional)
--width NUM # width of image (default 1200)
--height NUM # height of each frame (default 16)
--minwidth NUM # omit smaller functions. In pixels or use "%" for
# percentage of time (default 0.1 pixels)
--fonttype FONT # font type (default "Verdana")
--fontsize NUM # font size (default 12)
--countname TEXT # count type label (default "samples")
--nametype TEXT # name type label (default "Function:")
--colors PALETTE # set color palette. choices are: hot (default), mem,
# io, wakeup, chain, java, js, perl, red, green, blue,
# aqua, yellow, purple, orange
--bgcolors COLOR # set background colors. gradient choices are yellow
# (default), blue, green, grey; flat colors use "#rrggbb"
--hash # colors are keyed by function name hash
--random # colors are randomly generated
--cp # use consistent palette (palette.map)
--reverse # generate stack-reversed flame graph
--inverted # icicle graph
--flamechart # produce a flame chart (sort by time, do not merge stacks)
--negate # switch differential hues (blue<->red)
--notes TEXT # add notes comment in SVG (for debugging)
--help # this message
eg,
$0 --title="Flame Graph: malloc()" trace.txt > graph.svg
USAGE_END
}
GetOptions(
'fonttype=s' => \$fonttype,
'width=i' => \$imagewidth,
'height=i' => \$frameheight,
'encoding=s' => \$encoding,
'fontsize=f' => \$fontsize,
'fontwidth=f' => \$fontwidth,
'minwidth=s' => \$minwidth,
'title=s' => \$titletext,
'subtitle=s' => \$subtitletext,
'nametype=s' => \$nametype,
'countname=s' => \$countname,
'nameattr=s' => \$nameattrfile,
'total=s' => \$timemax,
'factor=f' => \$factor,
'colors=s' => \$colors,
'bgcolors=s' => \$bgcolors,
'hash' => \$hash,
'random' => \$rand,
'cp' => \$palette,
'reverse' => \$stackreverse,
'inverted' => \$inverted,
'flamechart' => \$flamechart,
'negate' => \$negate,
'notes=s' => \$notestext,
'help' => \$help,
) or usage();
$help && usage();
# internals
my $ypad1 = $fontsize * 3; # pad top, include title
my $ypad2 = $fontsize * 2 + 10; # pad bottom, include labels
my $ypad3 = $fontsize * 2; # pad top, include subtitle (optional)
my $xpad = 10; # pad lefm and right
my $framepad = 1; # vertical padding for frames
my $depthmax = 0;
my %Events;
my %nameattr;
if ($flamechart && $titletext eq "") {
$titletext = "Flame Chart";
}
if ($titletext eq "") {
unless ($inverted) {
$titletext = $titledefault;
} else {
$titletext = $titleinverted;
}
}
if ($nameattrfile) {
# The name-attribute file format is a function name followed by a tab then
# a sequence of tab separated name=value pairs.
open my $attrfh, $nameattrfile or die "Can't read $nameattrfile: $!\n";
while (<$attrfh>) {
chomp;
my ($funcname, $attrstr) = split /\t/, $_, 2;
die "Invalid format in $nameattrfile" unless defined $attrstr;
$nameattr{$funcname} = { map { split /=/, $_, 2 } split /\t/, $attrstr };
}
}
if ($notestext =~ /[<>]/) {
die "Notes string can't contain < or >"
}
# Ensure minwidth is a valid floating-point number,
# print usage string if not
my $minwidth_f;
if ($minwidth =~ /^([0-9.]+)%?$/) {
$minwidth_f = $1;
} else {
warn "Value '$minwidth' is invalid for minwidth, expected a float.\n";
usage();
}
# background colors:
# - yellow gradient: default (hot, java, js, perl)
# - green gradient: mem
# - blue gradient: io, wakeup, chain
# - gray gradient: flat colors (red, green, blue, ...)
if ($bgcolors eq "") {
# choose a default
if ($colors eq "mem") {
$bgcolors = "green";
} elsif ($colors =~ /^(io|wakeup|chain)$/) {
$bgcolors = "blue";
} elsif ($colors =~ /^(red|green|blue|aqua|yellow|purple|orange)$/) {
$bgcolors = "grey";
} else {
$bgcolors = "yellow";
}
}
my ($bgcolor1, $bgcolor2);
if ($bgcolors eq "yellow") {
$bgcolor1 = "#eeeeee"; # background color gradient start
$bgcolor2 = "#eeeeb0"; # background color gradient stop
} elsif ($bgcolors eq "blue") {
$bgcolor1 = "#eeeeee"; $bgcolor2 = "#e0e0ff";
} elsif ($bgcolors eq "green") {
$bgcolor1 = "#eef2ee"; $bgcolor2 = "#e0ffe0";
} elsif ($bgcolors eq "grey") {
$bgcolor1 = "#f8f8f8"; $bgcolor2 = "#e8e8e8";
} elsif ($bgcolors =~ /^#......$/) {
$bgcolor1 = $bgcolor2 = $bgcolors;
} else {
die "Unrecognized bgcolor option \"$bgcolors\""
}
# SVG functions
{ package SVG;
sub new {
my $class = shift;
my $self = {};
bless ($self, $class);
return $self;
}
sub header {
my ($self, $w, $h) = @_;
my $enc_attr = '';
if (defined $encoding) {
$enc_attr = qq{ encoding="$encoding"};
}
$self->{svg} .= <<SVG;
<?xml version="1.0"$enc_attr standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
<svg version="1.1" width="$w" height="$h" onload="init(evt)" viewBox="0 0 $w $h" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<!-- Flame graph stack visualization. See https://github.com/brendangregg/FlameGraph for latest version, and http://www.brendangregg.com/flamegraphs.html for examples. -->
<!-- NOTES: $notestext -->
SVG
}
sub include {
my ($self, $content) = @_;
$self->{svg} .= $content;
}
sub colorAllocate {
my ($self, $r, $g, $b) = @_;
return "rgb($r,$g,$b)";
}
sub group_start {
my ($self, $attr) = @_;
my @g_attr = map {
exists $attr->{$_} ? sprintf(qq/$_="%s"/, $attr->{$_}) : ()
} qw(id class);
push @g_attr, $attr->{g_extra} if $attr->{g_extra};
if ($attr->{href}) {
my @a_attr;
push @a_attr, sprintf qq/xlink:href="%s"/, $attr->{href} if $attr->{href};
# default target=_top else links will open within SVG <object>
push @a_attr, sprintf qq/target="%s"/, $attr->{target} || "_top";
push @a_attr, $attr->{a_extra} if $attr->{a_extra};
$self->{svg} .= sprintf qq/<a %s>\n/, join(' ', (@a_attr, @g_attr));
} else {
$self->{svg} .= sprintf qq/<g %s>\n/, join(' ', @g_attr);
}
$self->{svg} .= sprintf qq/<title>%s<\/title>/, $attr->{title}
if $attr->{title}; # should be first element within g container
}
sub group_end {
my ($self, $attr) = @_;
$self->{svg} .= $attr->{href} ? qq/<\/a>\n/ : qq/<\/g>\n/;
}
sub filledRectangle {
my ($self, $x1, $y1, $x2, $y2, $fill, $extra) = @_;
$x1 = sprintf "%0.1f", $x1;
$x2 = sprintf "%0.1f", $x2;
my $w = sprintf "%0.1f", $x2 - $x1;
my $h = sprintf "%0.1f", $y2 - $y1;
$extra = defined $extra ? $extra : "";
$self->{svg} .= qq/<rect x="$x1" y="$y1" width="$w" height="$h" fill="$fill" $extra \/>\n/;
}
sub stringTTF {
my ($self, $id, $x, $y, $str, $extra) = @_;
$x = sprintf "%0.2f", $x;
$id = defined $id ? qq/id="$id"/ : "";
$extra ||= "";
$self->{svg} .= qq/<text $id x="$x" y="$y" $extra>$str<\/text>\n/;
}
sub svg {
my $self = shift;
return "$self->{svg}</svg>\n";
}
1;
}
sub namehash {
# Generate a vector hash for the name string, weighting early over
# later characters. We want to pick the same colors for function
# names across different flame graphs.
my $name = shift;
my $vector = 0;
my $weight = 1;
my $max = 1;
my $mod = 10;
# if module name present, trunc to 1st char
$name =~ s/.(.*?)`//;
foreach my $c (split //, $name) {
my $i = (ord $c) % $mod;
$vector += ($i / ($mod++ - 1)) * $weight;
$max += 1 * $weight;
$weight *= 0.70;
last if $mod > 12;
}
return (1 - $vector / $max)
}
sub sum_namehash {
my $name = shift;
return unpack("%32W*", $name);
}
sub random_namehash {
# Generate a random hash for the name string.
# This ensures that functions with the same name have the same color,
# both within a flamegraph and across multiple flamegraphs without
# needing to set a palette and while preserving the original flamegraph
# optic, unlike what happens with --hash.
my $name = shift;
my $hash = sum_namehash($name);
srand($hash);
return rand(1)
}
sub color {
my ($type, $hash, $name) = @_;
my ($v1, $v2, $v3);
if ($hash) {
$v1 = namehash($name);
$v2 = $v3 = namehash(scalar reverse $name);
} elsif ($rand) {
$v1 = rand(1);
$v2 = rand(1);
$v3 = rand(1);
} else {
$v1 = random_namehash($name);
$v2 = random_namehash($name);
$v3 = random_namehash($name);
}
# theme palettes
if (defined $type and $type eq "hot") {
my $r = 205 + int(50 * $v3);
my $g = 0 + int(230 * $v1);
my $b = 0 + int(55 * $v2);
return "rgb($r,$g,$b)";
}
if (defined $type and $type eq "mem") {
my $r = 0;
my $g = 190 + int(50 * $v2);
my $b = 0 + int(210 * $v1);
return "rgb($r,$g,$b)";
}
if (defined $type and $type eq "io") {
my $r = 80 + int(60 * $v1);
my $g = $r;
my $b = 190 + int(55 * $v2);
return "rgb($r,$g,$b)";
}
# multi palettes
if (defined $type and $type eq "java") {
# Handle both annotations (_[j], _[i], ...; which are
# accurate), as well as input that lacks any annotations, as
# best as possible. Without annotations, we get a little hacky
# and match on java|org|com, etc.
if ($name =~ m:_\[j\]$:) { # jit annotation
$type = "green";
} elsif ($name =~ m:_\[i\]$:) { # inline annotation
$type = "aqua";
} elsif ($name =~ m:^L?(java|javax|jdk|net|org|com|io|sun)/:) { # Java
$type = "green";
} elsif ($name =~ /:::/) { # Java, typical perf-map-agent method separator
$type = "green";
} elsif ($name =~ /::/) { # C++
$type = "yellow";
} elsif ($name =~ m:_\[k\]$:) { # kernel annotation
$type = "orange";
} elsif ($name =~ /::/) { # C++
$type = "yellow";
} else { # system
$type = "red";
}
# fall-through to color palettes
}
if (defined $type and $type eq "perl") {
if ($name =~ /::/) { # C++
$type = "yellow";
} elsif ($name =~ m:Perl: or $name =~ m:\.pl:) { # Perl
$type = "green";
} elsif ($name =~ m:_\[k\]$:) { # kernel
$type = "orange";
} else { # system
$type = "red";
}
# fall-through to color palettes
}
if (defined $type and $type eq "js") {
# Handle both annotations (_[j], _[i], ...; which are
# accurate), as well as input that lacks any annotations, as
# best as possible. Without annotations, we get a little hacky,
# and match on a "/" with a ".js", etc.
if ($name =~ m:_\[j\]$:) { # jit annotation
if ($name =~ m:/:) {
$type = "green"; # source
} else {
$type = "aqua"; # builtin
}
} elsif ($name =~ /::/) { # C++
$type = "yellow";
} elsif ($name =~ m:/.*\.js:) { # JavaScript (match "/" in path)
$type = "green";
} elsif ($name =~ m/:/) { # JavaScript (match ":" in builtin)
$type = "aqua";
} elsif ($name =~ m/^ $/) { # Missing symbol
$type = "green";
} elsif ($name =~ m:_\[k\]:) { # kernel
$type = "orange";
} else { # system
$type = "red";
}
# fall-through to color palettes
}
if (defined $type and $type eq "wakeup") {
$type = "aqua";
# fall-through to color palettes
}
if (defined $type and $type eq "chain") {
if ($name =~ m:_\[w\]:) { # waker
$type = "aqua"
} else { # off-CPU
$type = "blue";
}
# fall-through to color palettes
}
# color palettes
if (defined $type and $type eq "red") {
my $r = 200 + int(55 * $v1);
my $x = 50 + int(80 * $v1);
return "rgb($r,$x,$x)";
}
if (defined $type and $type eq "green") {
my $g = 200 + int(55 * $v1);
my $x = 50 + int(60 * $v1);
return "rgb($x,$g,$x)";
}
if (defined $type and $type eq "blue") {
my $b = 205 + int(50 * $v1);
my $x = 80 + int(60 * $v1);
return "rgb($x,$x,$b)";
}
if (defined $type and $type eq "yellow") {
my $x = 175 + int(55 * $v1);
my $b = 50 + int(20 * $v1);
return "rgb($x,$x,$b)";
}
if (defined $type and $type eq "purple") {
my $x = 190 + int(65 * $v1);
my $g = 80 + int(60 * $v1);
return "rgb($x,$g,$x)";
}
if (defined $type and $type eq "aqua") {
my $r = 50 + int(60 * $v1);
my $g = 165 + int(55 * $v1);
my $b = 165 + int(55 * $v1);
return "rgb($r,$g,$b)";
}
if (defined $type and $type eq "orange") {
my $r = 190 + int(65 * $v1);
my $g = 90 + int(65 * $v1);
return "rgb($r,$g,0)";
}
return "rgb(0,0,0)";
}
sub color_scale {
my ($value, $max) = @_;
my ($r, $g, $b) = (255, 255, 255);
$value = -$value if $negate;
if ($value > 0) {
$g = $b = int(210 * ($max - $value) / $max);
} elsif ($value < 0) {
$r = $g = int(210 * ($max + $value) / $max);
}
return "rgb($r,$g,$b)";
}
sub color_map {
my ($colors, $func) = @_;
if (exists $palette_map{$func}) {
return $palette_map{$func};
} else {
$palette_map{$func} = color($colors, $hash, $func);
return $palette_map{$func};
}
}
sub write_palette {
open(FILE, ">$pal_file");
foreach my $key (sort keys %palette_map) {
print FILE $key."->".$palette_map{$key}."\n";
}
close(FILE);
}
sub read_palette {
if (-e $pal_file) {
open(FILE, $pal_file) or die "can't open file $pal_file: $!";
while ( my $line = <FILE>) {
chomp($line);
(my $key, my $value) = split("->",$line);
$palette_map{$key}=$value;
}
close(FILE)
}
}
my %Node; # Hash of merged frame data
my %Tmp;
# flow() merges two stacks, storing the merged frames and value data in %Node.
sub flow {
my ($last, $this, $v, $d) = @_;
my $len_a = @$last - 1;
my $len_b = @$this - 1;
my $i = 0;
my $len_same;
for (; $i <= $len_a; $i++) {
last if $i > $len_b;
last if $last->[$i] ne $this->[$i];
}
$len_same = $i;
for ($i = $len_a; $i >= $len_same; $i--) {
my $k = "$last->[$i];$i";
# a unique ID is constructed from "func;depth;etime";
# func-depth isn't unique, it may be repeated later.
$Node{"$k;$v"}->{stime} = delete $Tmp{$k}->{stime};
if (defined $Tmp{$k}->{delta}) {
$Node{"$k;$v"}->{delta} = delete $Tmp{$k}->{delta};
}
delete $Tmp{$k};
}
for ($i = $len_same; $i <= $len_b; $i++) {
my $k = "$this->[$i];$i";
$Tmp{$k}->{stime} = $v;
if (defined $d) {
$Tmp{$k}->{delta} += $i == $len_b ? $d : 0;
}
}
return $this;
}
# parse input
my @Data;
my @SortedData;
my $last = [];
my $time = 0;
my $delta = undef;
my $ignored = 0;
my $line;
my $maxdelta = 1;
# reverse if needed
foreach (<>) {
chomp;
$line = $_;
if ($stackreverse) {
# there may be an extra samples column for differentials
# XXX todo: redo these REs as one. It's repeated below.
my($stack, $samples) = (/^(.*)\s+?(\d+(?:\.\d*)?)$/);
my $samples2 = undef;
if ($stack =~ /^(.*)\s+?(\d+(?:\.\d*)?)$/) {
$samples2 = $samples;
($stack, $samples) = $stack =~ (/^(.*)\s+?(\d+(?:\.\d*)?)$/);
unshift @Data, join(";", reverse split(";", $stack)) . " $samples $samples2";
} else {
unshift @Data, join(";", reverse split(";", $stack)) . " $samples";
}
} else {
unshift @Data, $line;
}
}
if ($flamechart) {
# In flame chart mode, just reverse the data so time moves from left to right.
@SortedData = reverse @Data;
} else {
@SortedData = sort @Data;
}
# process and merge frames
foreach (@SortedData) {
chomp;
# process: folded_stack count
# eg: func_a;func_b;func_c 31
my ($stack, $samples) = (/^(.*)\s+?(\d+(?:\.\d*)?)$/);
unless (defined $samples and defined $stack) {
++$ignored;
next;
}
# there may be an extra samples column for differentials:
my $samples2 = undef;
if ($stack =~ /^(.*)\s+?(\d+(?:\.\d*)?)$/) {
$samples2 = $samples;
($stack, $samples) = $stack =~ (/^(.*)\s+?(\d+(?:\.\d*)?)$/);
}
$delta = undef;
if (defined $samples2) {
$delta = $samples2 - $samples;
$maxdelta = abs($delta) if abs($delta) > $maxdelta;
}
# for chain graphs, annotate waker frames with "_[w]", for later
# coloring. This is a hack, but has a precedent ("_[k]" from perf).
if ($colors eq "chain") {
my @parts = split ";--;", $stack;
my @newparts = ();
$stack = shift @parts;
$stack .= ";--;";
foreach my $part (@parts) {
$part =~ s/;/_[w];/g;
$part .= "_[w]";
push @newparts, $part;
}
$stack .= join ";--;", @parts;
}
# merge frames and populate %Node:
$last = flow($last, [ '', split ";", $stack ], $time, $delta);
if (defined $samples2) {
$time += $samples2;
} else {
$time += $samples;
}
}
flow($last, [], $time, $delta);
if ($countname eq "samples") {
# If $countname is used, it's likely that we're not measuring in stack samples
# (e.g. time could be the unit), so don't warn.
warn "Stack count is low ($time). Did something go wrong?\n" if $time < 100;
}
warn "Ignored $ignored lines with invalid format\n" if $ignored;
unless ($time) {
warn "ERROR: No stack counts found\n";
my $im = SVG->new();
# emit an error message SVG, for tools automating flamegraph use
my $imageheight = $fontsize * 5;
$im->header($imagewidth, $imageheight);
$im->stringTTF(undef, int($imagewidth / 2), $fontsize * 2,
"ERROR: No valid input provided to flamegraph.pl.");
print $im->svg;
exit 2;
}
if ($timemax and $timemax < $time) {
warn "Specified --total $timemax is less than actual total $time, so ignored\n"
if $timemax/$time > 0.02; # only warn is significant (e.g., not rounding etc)
undef $timemax;
}
$timemax ||= $time;
my $widthpertime = ($imagewidth - 2 * $xpad) / $timemax;
# Treat as a percentage of time if the string ends in a "%".
my $minwidth_time;
if ($minwidth =~ /%$/) {
$minwidth_time = $timemax * $minwidth_f / 100;
} else {
$minwidth_time = $minwidth_f / $widthpertime;
}
# prune blocks that are too narrow and determine max depth
while (my ($id, $node) = each %Node) {
my ($func, $depth, $etime) = split ";", $id;
my $stime = $node->{stime};
die "missing start for $id" if not defined $stime;
if (($etime-$stime) < $minwidth_time) {
delete $Node{$id};
next;
}
$depthmax = $depth if $depth > $depthmax;
}
# draw canvas, and embed interactive JavaScript program
my $imageheight = (($depthmax + 1) * $frameheight) + $ypad1 + $ypad2;
$imageheight += $ypad3 if $subtitletext ne "";
my $titlesize = $fontsize + 5;
my $im = SVG->new();
my ($black, $vdgrey, $dgrey) = (
$im->colorAllocate(0, 0, 0),
$im->colorAllocate(160, 160, 160),
$im->colorAllocate(200, 200, 200),
);
$im->header($imagewidth, $imageheight);
my $inc = <<INC;
<defs>
<linearGradient id="background" y1="0" y2="1" x1="0" x2="0" >
<stop stop-color="$bgcolor1" offset="5%" />
<stop stop-color="$bgcolor2" offset="95%" />
</linearGradient>
</defs>
<style type="text/css">
text { font-family:$fonttype; font-size:${fontsize}px; fill:$black; }
#search, #ignorecase { opacity:0.1; cursor:pointer; }
#search:hover, #search.show, #ignorecase:hover, #ignorecase.show { opacity:1; }
#subtitle { text-anchor:middle; font-color:$vdgrey; }
#title { text-anchor:middle; font-size:${titlesize}px}
#unzoom { cursor:pointer; }
#frames > *:hover { stroke:black; stroke-width:0.5; cursor:pointer; }
.hide { display:none; }
.parent { opacity:0.5; }
</style>
<script type="text/ecmascript">
<![CDATA[
"use strict";
var details, searchbtn, unzoombtn, matchedtxt, svg, searching, currentSearchTerm, ignorecase, ignorecaseBtn;
function init(evt) {
details = document.getElementById("details").firstChild;
searchbtn = document.getElementById("search");
ignorecaseBtn = document.getElementById("ignorecase");
unzoombtn = document.getElementById("unzoom");
matchedtxt = document.getElementById("matched");
svg = document.getElementsByTagName("svg")[0];
searching = 0;
currentSearchTerm = null;
// use GET parameters to restore a flamegraphs state.
var params = get_params();
if (params.x && params.y)
zoom(find_group(document.querySelector('[x="' + params.x + '"][y="' + params.y + '"]')));
if (params.s) search(params.s);
}
// event listeners
window.addEventListener("click", function(e) {
var target = find_group(e.target);
if (target) {
if (target.nodeName == "a") {
if (e.ctrlKey === false) return;
e.preventDefault();
}
if (target.classList.contains("parent")) unzoom(true);
zoom(target);
if (!document.querySelector('.parent')) {
// we have basically done a clearzoom so clear the url
var params = get_params();
if (params.x) delete params.x;
if (params.y) delete params.y;
history.replaceState(null, null, parse_params(params));
unzoombtn.classList.add("hide");
return;
}
// set parameters for zoom state
var el = target.querySelector("rect");
if (el && el.attributes && el.attributes.y && el.attributes._orig_x) {
var params = get_params()
params.x = el.attributes._orig_x.value;
params.y = el.attributes.y.value;
history.replaceState(null, null, parse_params(params));
}
}
else if (e.target.id == "unzoom") clearzoom();
else if (e.target.id == "search") search_prompt();
else if (e.target.id == "ignorecase") toggle_ignorecase();
}, false)
// mouse-over for info
// show
window.addEventListener("mouseover", function(e) {
var target = find_group(e.target);
if (target) details.nodeValue = "$nametype " + g_to_text(target);
}, false)
// clear
window.addEventListener("mouseout", function(e) {
var target = find_group(e.target);
if (target) details.nodeValue = ' ';
}, false)
// ctrl-F for search
// ctrl-I to toggle case-sensitive search
window.addEventListener("keydown",function (e) {
if (e.keyCode === 114 || (e.ctrlKey && e.keyCode === 70)) {
e.preventDefault();
search_prompt();
}
else if (e.ctrlKey && e.keyCode === 73) {
e.preventDefault();
toggle_ignorecase();
}
}, false)
// functions
function get_params() {
var params = {};
var paramsarr = window.location.search.substr(1).split('&');
for (var i = 0; i < paramsarr.length; ++i) {
var tmp = paramsarr[i].split("=");
if (!tmp[0] || !tmp[1]) continue;
params[tmp[0]] = decodeURIComponent(tmp[1]);
}
return params;
}
function parse_params(params) {
var uri = "?";
for (var key in params) {
uri += key + '=' + encodeURIComponent(params[key]) + '&';
}
if (uri.slice(-1) == "&")
uri = uri.substring(0, uri.length - 1);
if (uri == '?')
uri = window.location.href.split('?')[0];
return uri;
}
function find_child(node, selector) {
var children = node.querySelectorAll(selector);
if (children.length) return children[0];
}
function find_group(node) {
var parent = node.parentElement;
if (!parent) return;
if (parent.id == "frames") return node;
return find_group(parent);
}
function orig_save(e, attr, val) {
if (e.attributes["_orig_" + attr] != undefined) return;
if (e.attributes[attr] == undefined) return;
if (val == undefined) val = e.attributes[attr].value;
e.setAttribute("_orig_" + attr, val);
}
function orig_load(e, attr) {
if (e.attributes["_orig_"+attr] == undefined) return;
e.attributes[attr].value = e.attributes["_orig_" + attr].value;
e.removeAttribute("_orig_"+attr);
}
function g_to_text(e) {
var text = find_child(e, "title").firstChild.nodeValue;
return (text)
}
function g_to_func(e) {
var func = g_to_text(e);
// if there's any manipulation we want to do to the function
// name before it's searched, do it here before returning.
return (func);
}
function update_text(e) {
var r = find_child(e, "rect");
var t = find_child(e, "text");
var w = parseFloat(r.attributes.width.value) -3;
var txt = find_child(e, "title").textContent.replace(/\\([^(]*\\)\$/,"");
t.attributes.x.value = parseFloat(r.attributes.x.value) + 3;
// Smaller than this size won't fit anything
if (w < 2 * $fontsize * $fontwidth) {
t.textContent = "";
return;
}
t.textContent = txt;
var sl = t.getSubStringLength(0, txt.length);
// check if only whitespace or if we can fit the entire string into width w
if (/^ *\$/.test(txt) || sl < w)
return;
// this isn't perfect, but gives a good starting point
// and avoids calling getSubStringLength too often
var start = Math.floor((w/sl) * txt.length);
for (var x = start; x > 0; x = x-2) {
if (t.getSubStringLength(0, x + 2) <= w) {
t.textContent = txt.substring(0, x) + "..";
return;
}
}
t.textContent = "";
}
// zoom
function zoom_reset(e) {
if (e.attributes != undefined) {
orig_load(e, "x");
orig_load(e, "width");
}
if (e.childNodes == undefined) return;
for (var i = 0, c = e.childNodes; i < c.length; i++) {
zoom_reset(c[i]);
}
}
function zoom_child(e, x, ratio) {
if (e.attributes != undefined) {
if (e.attributes.x != undefined) {
orig_save(e, "x");
e.attributes.x.value = (parseFloat(e.attributes.x.value) - x - $xpad) * ratio + $xpad;
if (e.tagName == "text")
e.attributes.x.value = find_child(e.parentNode, "rect[x]").attributes.x.value + 3;
}
if (e.attributes.width != undefined) {
orig_save(e, "width");
e.attributes.width.value = parseFloat(e.attributes.width.value) * ratio;
}
}
if (e.childNodes == undefined) return;
for (var i = 0, c = e.childNodes; i < c.length; i++) {
zoom_child(c[i], x - $xpad, ratio);
}
}
function zoom_parent(e) {
if (e.attributes) {
if (e.attributes.x != undefined) {
orig_save(e, "x");
e.attributes.x.value = $xpad;
}
if (e.attributes.width != undefined) {
orig_save(e, "width");
e.attributes.width.value = parseInt(svg.width.baseVal.value) - ($xpad * 2);
}
}
if (e.childNodes == undefined) return;
for (var i = 0, c = e.childNodes; i < c.length; i++) {
zoom_parent(c[i]);
}
}
function zoom(node) {
var attr = find_child(node, "rect").attributes;
var width = parseFloat(attr.width.value);
var xmin = parseFloat(attr.x.value);
var xmax = parseFloat(xmin + width);
var ymin = parseFloat(attr.y.value);
var ratio = (svg.width.baseVal.value - 2 * $xpad) / width;
// XXX: Workaround for JavaScript float issues (fix me)
var fudge = 0.0001;
unzoombtn.classList.remove("hide");
var el = document.getElementById("frames").children;
for (var i = 0; i < el.length; i++) {
var e = el[i];
var a = find_child(e, "rect").attributes;
var ex = parseFloat(a.x.value);
var ew = parseFloat(a.width.value);
var upstack;
// Is it an ancestor
if ($inverted == 0) {
upstack = parseFloat(a.y.value) > ymin;
} else {
upstack = parseFloat(a.y.value) < ymin;
}
if (upstack) {
// Direct ancestor
if (ex <= xmin && (ex+ew+fudge) >= xmax) {
e.classList.add("parent");
zoom_parent(e);
update_text(e);
}
// not in current path
else
e.classList.add("hide");
}
// Children maybe
else {
// no common path
if (ex < xmin || ex + fudge >= xmax) {
e.classList.add("hide");
}
else {
zoom_child(e, xmin, ratio);
update_text(e);
}
}
}
search();
}
function unzoom(dont_update_text) {
unzoombtn.classList.add("hide");
var el = document.getElementById("frames").children;
for(var i = 0; i < el.length; i++) {
el[i].classList.remove("parent");
el[i].classList.remove("hide");
zoom_reset(el[i]);
if(!dont_update_text) update_text(el[i]);
}
search();
}
function clearzoom() {
unzoom();
// remove zoom state
var params = get_params();
if (params.x) delete params.x;
if (params.y) delete params.y;
history.replaceState(null, null, parse_params(params));
}
// search
function toggle_ignorecase() {
ignorecase = !ignorecase;
if (ignorecase) {
ignorecaseBtn.classList.add("show");
} else {
ignorecaseBtn.classList.remove("show");
}
reset_search();
search();
}
function reset_search() {
var el = document.querySelectorAll("#frames rect");
for (var i = 0; i < el.length; i++) {
orig_load(el[i], "fill")
}
var params = get_params();
delete params.s;
history.replaceState(null, null, parse_params(params));
}
function search_prompt() {
if (!searching) {
var term = prompt("Enter a search term (regexp " +
"allowed, eg: ^ext4_)"
+ (ignorecase ? ", ignoring case" : "")
+ "\\nPress Ctrl-i to toggle case sensitivity", "");
if (term != null) search(term);
} else {
reset_search();
searching = 0;
currentSearchTerm = null;
searchbtn.classList.remove("show");
searchbtn.firstChild.nodeValue = "Search"
matchedtxt.classList.add("hide");
matchedtxt.firstChild.nodeValue = ""
}
}
function search(term) {
if (term) currentSearchTerm = term;
var re = new RegExp(currentSearchTerm, ignorecase ? 'i' : '');
var el = document.getElementById("frames").children;
var matches = new Object();
var maxwidth = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < el.length; i++) {
var e = el[i];
var func = g_to_func(e);
var rect = find_child(e, "rect");
if (func == null || rect == null)
continue;
// Save max width. Only works as we have a root frame
var w = parseFloat(rect.attributes.width.value);
if (w > maxwidth)
maxwidth = w;
if (func.match(re)) {
// highlight
var x = parseFloat(rect.attributes.x.value);
orig_save(rect, "fill");
rect.attributes.fill.value = "$searchcolor";
// remember matches
if (matches[x] == undefined) {
matches[x] = w;
} else {
if (w > matches[x]) {
// overwrite with parent
matches[x] = w;
}
}
searching = 1;
}
}
if (!searching)
return;
var params = get_params();
params.s = currentSearchTerm;
history.replaceState(null, null, parse_params(params));
searchbtn.classList.add("show");
searchbtn.firstChild.nodeValue = "Reset Search";
// calculate percent matched, excluding vertical overlap
var count = 0;
var lastx = -1;
var lastw = 0;
var keys = Array();
for (k in matches) {
if (matches.hasOwnProperty(k))
keys.push(k);
}
// sort the matched frames by their x location
// ascending, then width descending
keys.sort(function(a, b){
return a - b;
});
// Step through frames saving only the biggest bottom-up frames
// thanks to the sort order. This relies on the tree property
// where children are always smaller than their parents.
var fudge = 0.0001; // JavaScript floating point
for (var k in keys) {
var x = parseFloat(keys[k]);
var w = matches[keys[k]];
if (x >= lastx + lastw - fudge) {
count += w;
lastx = x;
lastw = w;
}
}
// display matched percent
matchedtxt.classList.remove("hide");
var pct = 100 * count / maxwidth;
if (pct != 100) pct = pct.toFixed(1)
matchedtxt.firstChild.nodeValue = "Matched: " + pct + "%";
}
]]>
</script>
INC
$im->include($inc);
$im->filledRectangle(0, 0, $imagewidth, $imageheight, 'url(#background)');
$im->stringTTF("title", int($imagewidth / 2), $fontsize * 2, $titletext);
$im->stringTTF("subtitle", int($imagewidth / 2), $fontsize * 4, $subtitletext) if $subtitletext ne "";
$im->stringTTF("details", $xpad, $imageheight - ($ypad2 / 2), " ");
$im->stringTTF("unzoom", $xpad, $fontsize * 2, "Reset Zoom", 'class="hide"');
$im->stringTTF("search", $imagewidth - $xpad - 100, $fontsize * 2, "Search");
$im->stringTTF("ignorecase", $imagewidth - $xpad - 16, $fontsize * 2, "ic");
$im->stringTTF("matched", $imagewidth - $xpad - 100, $imageheight - ($ypad2 / 2), " ");
if ($palette) {
read_palette();
}
# draw frames
$im->group_start({id => "frames"});
while (my ($id, $node) = each %Node) {
my ($func, $depth, $etime) = split ";", $id;
my $stime = $node->{stime};
my $delta = $node->{delta};
$etime = $timemax if $func eq "" and $depth == 0;
my $x1 = $xpad + $stime * $widthpertime;
my $x2 = $xpad + $etime * $widthpertime;
my ($y1, $y2);
unless ($inverted) {
$y1 = $imageheight - $ypad2 - ($depth + 1) * $frameheight + $framepad;
$y2 = $imageheight - $ypad2 - $depth * $frameheight;
} else {
$y1 = $ypad1 + $depth * $frameheight;
$y2 = $ypad1 + ($depth + 1) * $frameheight - $framepad;
}
# Add commas per perlfaq5:
# https://perldoc.perl.org/perlfaq5#How-can-I-output-my-numbers-with-commas-added?
my $samples = sprintf "%.0f", ($etime - $stime) * $factor;
(my $samples_txt = $samples)
=~ s/(^[-+]?\d+?(?=(?>(?:\d{3})+)(?!\d))|\G\d{3}(?=\d))/$1,/g;
my $info;
if ($func eq "" and $depth == 0) {
$info = "all ($samples_txt $countname, 100%)";
} else {
my $pct = sprintf "%.2f", ((100 * $samples) / ($timemax * $factor));
my $escaped_func = $func;
# clean up SVG breaking characters:
$escaped_func =~ s/&/&/g;
$escaped_func =~ s/</</g;
$escaped_func =~ s/>/>/g;
$escaped_func =~ s/"/"/g;
$escaped_func =~ s/_\[[kwij]\]$//; # strip any annotation
unless (defined $delta) {
$info = "$escaped_func ($samples_txt $countname, $pct%)";
} else {
my $d = $negate ? -$delta : $delta;
my $deltapct = sprintf "%.2f", ((100 * $d) / ($timemax * $factor));
$deltapct = $d > 0 ? "+$deltapct" : $deltapct;
$info = "$escaped_func ($samples_txt $countname, $pct%; $deltapct%)";
}
}
my $nameattr = { %{ $nameattr{$func}||{} } }; # shallow clone
$nameattr->{title} ||= $info;
$im->group_start($nameattr);
my $color;
if ($func eq "--") {
$color = $vdgrey;
} elsif ($func eq "-") {
$color = $dgrey;
} elsif (defined $delta) {
$color = color_scale($delta, $maxdelta);
} elsif ($palette) {
$color = color_map($colors, $func);
} else {
$color = color($colors, $hash, $func);
}
$im->filledRectangle($x1, $y1, $x2, $y2, $color, 'rx="2" ry="2"');
my $chars = int( ($x2 - $x1) / ($fontsize * $fontwidth));
my $text = "";
if ($chars >= 3) { # room for one char plus two dots
$func =~ s/_\[[kwij]\]$//; # strip any annotation
$text = substr $func, 0, $chars;
substr($text, -2, 2) = ".." if $chars < length $func;
$text =~ s/&/&/g;
$text =~ s/</</g;
$text =~ s/>/>/g;
}
$im->stringTTF(undef, $x1 + 3, 3 + ($y1 + $y2) / 2, $text);
$im->group_end($nameattr);
}
$im->group_end();
print $im->svg;
if ($palette) {
write_palette();
}
# vim: ts=8 sts=8 sw=8 noexpandtab
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